journal article·2026-01

Unveiling the Myths of Co‐Deposition of Hole Conductors and Perovskite Layers

Xi Yang, Kaifeng Jing, Hengyu Zhang, Qianyi Li, Dongyang Li, Patrick W. K. Fong, Zhenyi Ni, Zi Jing Wong, Gang Li, Guang Yang

Small· Volume 22· Issue 3
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Abstract

Abstract Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) hold great promise as photovoltaic technology, with power conversion efficiencies exceeding 27%. To further reduce the levelized cost of energy, simplifying PSC manufacturing processes is essential. In this study, a streamlined one‐step solution‐coating strategy is introduced that simultaneously deposits both the hole‐conductor and perovskite layers. It is demonstrated that doped self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs), containing phosphonic or carboxylic acids, diffuse and spontaneously assemble on both indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates and perovskite surfaces during film formation. This process results in a stable monolayer that functions as an efficient hole‐selective contact while promoting favorable perovskite crystallization. Moreover, the incorporation of a functional isolation layer effectively mitigates the side effects induced by perovskite‐anchored SAMs, thereby enhancing device efficiency and stability. The resulting PSCs exhibit a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 25.1% and maintain over 85% of their initial performance after 1000 h of maximum power point tracking under continuous illumination.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Perovskite Materials and Applications · TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells · Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Research

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom, Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China

School of Electronic Science and Technology Eastern Institute of Technology Ningbo 315200 China

State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

Photonic Research Institute (PRI) Research Institute of Smart Energy (RISE) Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing (RIAM) The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong Kowloon 999077 China

Funding

Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality · Hong Kong Polytechnic University

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