journal article·2026-03Open access

Solvated Palladium (II) Complexes for Efficient and Stable All‐Inorganic CsPbI 2 Br Perovskite Solar Cells

Joanna Kruszyńska, Murat Ebic, Benjamin M. Gallant, Dominik J. Kubicki, Jan Nawrocki, Pankaj Yadav, Seckin Akin, Daniel Prochowicz

Small· Volume 22· Issue 17

Abstract

ABSTRACT We present a novel approach to enhance the efficiency and stability of inorganic CsPbI 2 Br based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) through the incorporation of a solvated palladium (Pd) complex, PdBr 2 (PhCN) 2 , into perovskite precursor inks (PhCN = benzonitrile). This modification not only stabilizes the α‐phase of CsPbI 2 Br perovskite owing to Pd 2+ ions, which were found to be incorporated into the perovskite structure at the B‐site, but also effectively improves the perovskite film morphology through the removal of benzonitrile molecules during annealing. Further systematic study reveals that the addition of PdBr 2 (PhCN) 2 results in a better matched energy‐level alignment and reduced charge carrier recombination compared to the unmodified material. As a result, the optimized device enables an efficiency of 16.4% with an open‐circuit voltage ( V OC ) of 1.27 V, which outperforms the control device (14.1%, 1.19 V). The device with PdBr 2 (PhCN) 2 shows substantially enhanced environmental and operational stabilities, retaining ≈75% and 90% of their initial PCEs after 500 h aging, respectively. This study demonstrates the potential of B‐site engineering via solvated precursors as an effective route toward stable and efficient inorganic perovskite photovoltaics.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Perovskite Materials and Applications · TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells · Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Research

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Institute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland

Laboratory of Advanced Materials & Photovoltaics (LAMPs) Necmettin Erbakan University Konya Türkiye

School of Chemistry University of Birmingham Birmingham UK

Department of Physics School of Energy Technology Pandit Deendayal Energy University Gandhinagar Gujarat India

Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Necmettin Erbakan University Konya Türkiye

Funding

Narodowe Centrum Nauki

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