journal article·2026-01-09

Molecular Design of Oligomers for Codeposited Perovskite Solar Cells: Enabling Synergistic Control of Crystallization and Carrier Dynamics

Zuhong Zhang, Kexin Zhao, Bingchen He, Zhenhuang Su, Weiwei Zuo, Bekele Hailegnaw, Yanru Xue, Ying Tang, Xingyu Gao, Michael Saliba, Antonio Abate, Meng Li, Jinsheng Song

ACS Energy Letters· Volume 11· Issue 1
Publisher page

Abstract

Achieving high-efficiency, stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs) requires simultaneous control of film defects and buried interfaces. Here, we report a codeposition strategy using rationally designed 4PACz oligomers. Featuring multidirectional phosphate groups, these oligomers self-assemble to tune the substrate work function, facilitate charge transport, and guide crystallization while passivating defects. Specifically, tri-4PACz achieves an optimal balance between solubility and defect suppression. Consequently, tri-4PACz-based PSCs deliver efficiencies of 26.2% (0.098 cm 2 ) and 22.2% (69.5 cm 2 modules). Unencapsulated devices retain 98.7% of initial efficiency after 1000 h of illumination and 96.6% after 500 h at 85 °C. This strategy effectively resolves the trade-off between structural control and defect passivation, paving the way for high-performance, stable PSCs.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Perovskite Materials and Applications · TiO2 Photocatalysis and Solar Cells · Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Key Lab for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology, School of Nanoscience and Materials Engineering, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and Applications

Henan University

Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials

Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 239 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201204, P. R. China

Institute for Photovoltaics (ipv)

University of Stuttgart

Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany

Funding

Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province · Bundesministerium f?r Bildung und Forschung · European Research Council · Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft · China Postdoctoral Science Foundation · National Natural Science Foundation of China · Joint Fund of Provincial Science and Technology Research and Development Plan of Henan Province · Program sponsored by Henan Province · Post graduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan Province

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