Perovskite Colloidal Quantum Dots with Tailored Properties: Synthesis Strategies and Photovoltaic Applications

Perovskite colloidal quantum dots (Pe-CQDs) are promising materials for the next-generation optoelectronic devices due to their outstanding material properties derived from perovskites and QDs. Among the various synthesis methods, the hot injection (HI) method has been mainly used to fabricate the active layer of photovoltaics. For the effective application of Pe-CQDs, the synthesis variables that determine the properties of Pe-CQDs should be determined. The variables of Pe-CQDs synthesis can be divided into two types. First, the crystal nucleation and growth rates can be physically modified by reaction time and temperature. Second, the synthesis mechanism can be chemically modified by adjusting the precursors and injection type. In this review, various HI-based strategies are systematically classified and investigated. Furthermore, we discuss on how Pe-CQDs with enhanced properties prepared by advanced synthesis strategies affect the power conversion efficiency and stability of photovoltaics. Finally, the current limitations of Pe-CQD synthesis and future agendas are presented.