DataVXACS Energy LettersPaper
journal article·2017-12-08Open access

The Many Faces of Mixed Ion Perovskites: Unraveling and Understanding the Crystallization Process

Paul Gratia, Iwan Zimmermann, Pascal Schouwink, Jun-Ho Yum, Jean-Nicolas Audinot, Kevin Sivula, Tom Wirtz, Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin

ACS Energy Letters· Volume 2· Issue 12
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Source abstract

Abstract

Understanding the crystallization process of organic–inorganic halide perovskites is of paramount importance for fabrication of reproducible and efficient perovskite solar cells. We report for the first time on the discovery and interplay of ubiquitous hexagonal polytypes (6H and 4H) during the crystallization process of mixed ion perovskite, namely (FAPbI 3 ) x (MAPbBr 3 ) 1– x . These polytypes, the first reported 3D hexagonal lead-halide-based perovskites, orchestrate a perovskite crystallization sequence revealed as 2H (delta phase)-4H-6H-3R(3C), commonly found among inorganic transition metal oxide perovskites under extreme conditions. We show that the chemical pressure arising from the incorporation of >3% Cs + cations into the lattice successfully inhibits the formation of these environmentally sensitive polytypes, elucidating the origin of the widely reported improved device stability and reproducibility of Cs + -containing mixed ion perovskites.
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Research context

Electronic materials

OpenAlex topics: Perovskite Materials and Applications · Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography · Advancements in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland

Molecular Engineering of Optoelectronic Nanomaterials Lab (LIMNO), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

Advanced Instrumentation for Ion Nano-Analytics (AINA), Materials Research and Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), L-4362 Belvaux, Luxembourg

Funding

Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F?rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung · Staatssekretariat f?r Bildung, Forschung und Innovation · Horizon 2020 Framework Programme · Kommission f?r Technologie und Innovation · Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University

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