PLA /Kahili Ginger Fiber Biocomposites Processed by Fused Filament Fabrication: Physical and Mechanical Characterization

ABSTRACT This study explores the potential of Kahili ginger (KG) fibers as reinforcement/filler in poly(lactic acid) (PLA) matrix composites for 3D printing applications. The fibers underwent alkaline and silane treatments to increase the mechanical resistance of fiber and improve the bond with the PLA matrix. Filaments for 3D printing were obtained by extrusion and the density and water absorption were assessed. 3D printed samples were produced by fused deposition modeling and density, water absorption, and mechanical properties were evaluated. The results showed that tensile strength increased at 10 wt% fiber concentration compared to the 5 wt% fiber concentrations. Compressive tests indicated an ultimate compressive strength greater than that of PLA, demonstrating the composites' superior load capacity. Flexural tests further validated these findings, particularly for alkaline‐treated composites, which exhibited enhanced rigidity. Morphological analysis via scanning electron microscopy revealed improved surface characteristics of treated fibers, correlating with mechanical performance. Additionally, water absorption tests showed that the composites with treated fibers absorbed significantly less moisture than untreated fibers, highlighting the efficacy of the chemical treatments. These results suggest that KG fiber‐reinforced PLA composites offer a sustainable alternative for 3D printing, aligning with the increasing demand for eco‐friendly materials in manufacturing.