A micromechanical study on shear performance of unidirectional composites with randomly distributed fibers in the transverse cross‐section

Abstract The properties of unidirectional (UD) composites has been investigated by analyzing their elastic and strength characteristics under shear loading. The UD fiber‐reinforced polymer (FRP) composites usually consist of fibers randomly dispersed throughout the cross‐section in the transverse direction which is generally not accounted for. A micromechanical model based on finite element analysis (FEA) approach is utilized here to examine these properties. The study begins by identifying micro scale unit cells or repetitive unit cells (RUCs) at the micro scale, as well as representative volume elements (RVEs). The distribution of fiber volume fraction (V_f) varies among various micro scale unit cells positioned in the transverse cross‐section. The elastic properties and strength are estimated by considering the properties of the matrix and fibers, and the configuration of micro scale unit cells, which feature a fiber arrangement which is categorized as hexagonal and varying V_f at different locations (from 0.35 to 0.75). However, the overall V_f for the UD composite remains constant at 0.65. Studies are also carried out with the random distribution of fibers at micro scale unit cells. The findings reveal that the random distribution of fibers significantly impacts the shear behavior of the composite. This investigation provides valuable insights into how the mechanical properties of the UD composite are subjective by the distribution of fiber, thereby contributing to the design and development of this light weight high‐performance material. Highlights Elastic and strength analysis of UD composites is presented. Emphasis is on fiber dispersion in transverse plane. Microscale unit cells, RUCs and RVE are identified. Studies are carried out based on micromechanical model. Influence of fiber distribution on shear behavior is investigated.