Cellulose nanocrystal surface functionalization for the controlled sorption of water and organic vapours
Source abstract
Abstract
The surface grafting of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) is a valuable tool to increase opportunities for their application. This work had several goals designed to improve CNC: reduction of hornification, increased re-dispersibility after CNC drying, and tuning of the surface graft to enhance the adsorption of particular molecules. To achieve this, the CNC surfaces were modified chemically with aromatic surface grafts using widely employed methods: the creation of urethane linkages, silylation and esterification. Even a low degree of grafting sufficed to increase water contact angles to as much as 96°. The analysis of water sorption isotherms showed that at high water activities, capillary condensation could be suppressed and hysteresis was decreased. This indicates that hornification was significantly suppressed. However, although the contact angles increased, the water sorption isotherms were changed only slightly because of reduced hysteresis. The grafts were not able to shield the surface from water vapour sorption. A comparison of the sorption isotherms of anisole and cyclohexane, sorbates with a similar surface area, showed that the sorption of anisole was three times higher than that of cyclohexane. The specific sorption of aromatic molecules was achieved and the most efficient methodology was the esterification of CNC with carboxylic acids containing a flexible linker between the aromatic moiety and ester bond.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Advanced Cellulose Research Studies · Nanocomposite Films for Food Packaging · Polysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (52)
Show source-provided references
1. Agrawal AM, Manek RV, Kolling WM, Neau SH (2004) Water distribution studies within microcrystalline cellulose and chitosan using differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic vapor sorption analysis. J Pharma Sci 93:1766–1779. doi: 10.1002/jps.2008510.1002/jps.20085 ↗
2. Alila S, Boufi S (2009) Removal of organic pollutants from water by modified cellulose fibres. Ind Crops Prod 30:93–104. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2009.02.00510.1016/j.indcrop.2009.02.005 ↗
3. Alila S, Boufi S, Belgacem MN, Beneventi D (2005) Adsorption of a cationic surfactant onto cellulosic fibers—I. Surface charge effects. Langmuir 21:8106–8113. doi: 10.1021/la050367n10.1021/la050367n ↗
4. Alila S, Aloulou F, Thielemans W, Boufi S (2011) Sorption potential of modified nanocrystals for the removal of aromatic organic pollutant from aqueous solution. Ind Crops Prod 33:350–357. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.11.01010.1016/j.indcrop.2010.11.010 ↗
5. Ambrosio-Martin J, Fabra MJ, Lopez-Rubio A, Lagaron JM (2015) Melt polycondensation to improve the dispersion of bacterial cellulose into polylactide via melt compounding: enhanced barrier and mechanical properties. Cellulose 22:1201–1226. doi: 10.1007/s10570-014-0523-910.1007/s10570-014-0523-9 ↗
6. Andrade RD, Lemus R, Perez CE (2011) Models of sorption isotherms for food: uses and limitations. Vitae 18:324–33310.17533/udea.vitae.10682 ↗
7. Belbekhouche S, Bras J, Siqueira G, Chappey C, Lebrun L, Khelifi B, Marais S, Dufresne A (2011) Water sorption behavior and gas barrier properties of cellulose whiskers and microfibrils films. Carbohydr Polym 83:1740–1748. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.10.03610.1016/j.carbpol.2010.10.036 ↗
8. Bondeson D, Mathew A, Oksman K (2006) Optimization of the isolation of nanocrystals from microcrystalline cellulose by acid hydrolysis. Cellulose 13:171–180. doi: 10.1007/s10570-006-9061-410.1007/s10570-006-9061-4 ↗
9. Carpenter AW, de Lannoy CF, Wiesner MR (2015) Cellulose nanomaterials in water treatment technologies. Environ Sci Technol 49:5277–5287. doi: 10.1021/es506351r10.1021/es506351r ↗
10. Clemenson S, Espuche E, David L, Leonard D (2010) Nanocomposite membranes of polyetherimide nanostructured with palladium particles: processing route, morphology and functional properties. J Membr Sci 361:167–175. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2010.05.06110.1016/j.memsci.2010.05.061 ↗
11. Dekany I, Szanto F, Nagy LG (1986) Sorption and immersional wetting on clay-minerals having modified surface. 2. Interlamellar sorption and wetting on organic montmorillonites. J Colloid Interface Sci 109:376–384. doi: 10.1016/0021-9797(86)90316-410.1016/0021-9797(86)90316-4 ↗
12. Douillard J-M, Malandrini H (1999) Récents développements liés à l’enthalpie d’immersion. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences - Series IIC - Chemistry 2:1–18. doi: 10.1016/S1387-1609(99)80032-210.1016/S1387-1609(99)80032-2 ↗
13. Dufresne A (2003) Interfacial phenomena in nanocomposites based on polysaccharide nanocrystals. Compos Interfaces 10:369–387. doi: 10.1163/15685540377195364110.1163/156855403771953641 ↗
14. Espino-Perez E, Bras J, Ducruet V, Guinault A, Dufresne A, Domenek S (2013) Influence of chemical surface modification of cellulose nanowhiskers on thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties of poly(lactide) based bionanocomposites. Eur Polym J 49:3144–3154. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.07.01710.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.07.017 ↗
15. Espino-Perez E, Domenek S, Belgacem N, Sillard C, Bras J (2014) Green process for chemical functionalization of nanocellulose with carboxylic acids. Biomacromolecules 15:5441–5460. doi: 10.1021/bm501345810.1021/bm5013458 ↗
16. Espino-Perez E, Gilbert RG, Domenek S, Brochier-Salon MC, Belgacem MN, Bras J (2016a) Nanocomposites with functionalised polysaccharide nanocrystals through aqueous free radical polymerisation promoted by ozonolysis. Carbohydr Polym 135:256–266. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.00510.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.005 ↗
17. Espino-Perez E, Domenek S, Brochier Salon M-C, Belgacem N, Bras J (2016b) Study of cellulose nanocrystals grafted alkoxysilane: hydrolysis–condensation effects. Personal communication (publication to be submitted)
18. Eyley S, Thielemans W (2014) Surface modification of cellulose nanocrystals. Nanoscale 6:7764–7779. doi: 10.1039/c4nr01756k10.1039/c4nr01756k ↗
19. Factorovich MH, Solveyra EG, Molinero V, Scherlis DA (2014) Sorption isotherms of water in nanopores: relationship between hydropohobicity, adsorption pressure, and hysteresis. J Phys Chem C 118:16290–16300. doi: 10.1021/jp500039610.1021/jp5000396 ↗
20. Fang X, Vitrac O, Domenek S, Ducruet V (2012) Controlling the molecular interactions to improve the diffusion barrier of biosourced polymers to organic solutes. Defect Diffus Forum 323–325:269–274. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.323-325.26910.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.323-325.269 ↗
21. Follain N, Belbekhouche S, Bras J, Siqueira G, Marais S, Dufresne A (2013) Water transport properties of bio-nanocomposites reinforced by Luffa cylindrica cellulose nanocrystals. J Membr Sci 427:218–229. doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.09.04810.1016/j.memsci.2012.09.048 ↗
22. Fortunati E, Peltzer M, Armentano I, Jimenez A, Kenny JM (2013) Combined effects of cellulose nanocrystals and silver nanoparticles on the barrier and migration properties of PLA nano-biocomposites. J Food Eng 118:117–124. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.03.02510.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.03.025 ↗
23. Habibi Y (2014) Key advances in the chemical modification of nanocelluloses. Chem Soc Rev 43:1519–1542. doi: 10.1039/c3cs60204d10.1039/c3cs60204d ↗
24. Habibi Y, Lucia LA, Rojas OJ (2010) Cellulose nanocrystals: chemistry, self-assembly, and applications. Chem Rev 110:3479–3500. doi: 10.1021/cr900339w10.1021/cr900339w ↗
25. Hansford DT, Grant DJW, Newton JM (1980) Surface energetics of the wetting of a hydrophobic powder. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans I 76:2417–2431. doi: 10.1039/f1980760241710.1039/f19807602417 ↗
26. Hanson B, Pryamitsyn V, Ganesan V (2012) Computer simulations of gas diffusion in polystyrene-C-60 fullerene nanocomposites using trajectory extending kinetic Monte Carlo method. J Phys Chem B 116:95–103. doi: 10.1021/jp209294t10.1021/jp209294t ↗
27. Kachrimanis K, Noisternig MF, Griesser UJ, Malamataris S (2006) Dynamic moisture sorption and desorption of standard and silicified microcrystalline cellulose. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 64:307–315. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2006.05.01910.1016/j.ejpb.2006.05.019 ↗
28. Kocherbitov V, Ulvenlund S, Kober M, Jarring K, Arnebrant T (2008) Hydration of microcrystalline cellulose and milled cellulose studied by sorption calorimetry. J Phys Chem B 112:3728–3734. doi: 10.1021/jp711554c10.1021/jp711554c ↗
29. Korhonen JT, Kettunen M, Ras RHA, Ikkala O (2011) Hydrophobic nanocellulose aerogels as floating, sustainable, reusable, and recyclable oil absorbents. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 3:1813–1816. doi: 10.1021/am200475b10.1021/am200475b ↗
30. Lam E, Male KB, Chong JH, Leung ACW, Luong JHT (2012) Applications of functionalized and nanoparticle-modified nanocrystalline cellulose. Trends Biotechnol 30:283–290. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.02.00110.1016/j.tibtech.2012.02.001 ↗
31. Lemahieu L, Bras J, Tiquet P, Augier S, Dufresne A (2011) Extrusion of nanocellulose-reinforced nanocomposites using the dispersed nano-objects protective encapsulation (DOPE). Process Macromol Mater Eng 296:984–991. doi: 10.1002/mame.20110001510.1002/mame.201100015 ↗
32. Lu P, Hsieh Y-L (2010) Preparation and properties of cellulose nanocrystals: rods, spheres, and network. Carbohydr Polym 82:329–336. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.04.07310.1016/j.carbpol.2010.04.073 ↗
33. Lu P, Hsieh Y-L (2012) Preparation and characterization of cellulose nanocrystals from rice straw. Carbohydr Polym 87:564–573. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.02210.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.022 ↗
34. Mariano M, El Kissi N, Dufresne A (2014) Cellulose nanocrystals and related nanocomposites: review of some properties and challenges. J Polym Sci B Polym Phys 52:791–806. doi: 10.1002/polb.2349010.1002/polb.23490 ↗
35. Mihranyan A, Llagostera AP, Karmhag R, Strømme M, Ek R (2004) Moisture sorption by cellulose powders of varying crystallinity. Int J Pharm 269:433–442. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2003.09.03010.1016/j.ijpharm.2003.09.030 ↗
36. Morandi G, Heath L, Thielemans W (2009) Cellulose nanocrystals grafted with polystyrene chains through surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). Langmuir 25:8280–8286. doi: 10.1021/la900452a10.1021/la900452a ↗
37. Parida SK, Dash S, Patel S, Mishra BK (2006) Adsorption of organic molecules on silica surface. Adv Colloid Interface 121:77–110. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2006.05.02810.1016/j.cis.2006.05.028 ↗
38. Park S, Baker J, Himmel M, Parilla P, Johnson D (2010) Cellulose crystallinity index: measurement techniques and their impact on interpreting cellulase performance. Biotechnol Biofuels 3:1–10. doi: 10.1186/1754-6834-3-1010.1186/1754-6834-3-10 ↗
39. Portugal I, Dias VM, Duarte RF, Evtuguin DV (2010) Hydration of cellulose/silica hybrids assessed by sorption isotherms. J Phys Chem B 114:4047–4055. doi: 10.1021/jp911270y10.1021/jp911270y ↗
40. Pradas MM, Sanchez MS, Ferrer GG, Ribelles JLG (2004) Thermodynamics and statistical mechanics of multilayer adsorption. J Chem Phys 121:8524–8531. doi: 10.1063/1.180227110.1063/1.1802271 ↗
41. Quirijns EJ, van Boxtel AJB, van Loon WKP, van Straten G (2005) Sorption isotherms, GAB parameters and isosteric heat of sorption. J Sci Food Agric 85:1805–1814. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.214010.1002/jsfa.2140 ↗
42. Rodrigues FHA, Spagnol C, Pereira AGB, Martins AF, Fajardo AR, Rubira AF, Muniz EC (2014) Superabsorbent hydrogel composites with a focus on hydrogels containing nanofibers or nanowhiskers of cellulose and chitin. J Appl Polym Sci 131:39725. doi: 10.1002/app.3972510.1002/app.39725 ↗
43. Roskar R, Kmetec V (2005) Evaluation of the moisture sorption behaviour of several excipients by BET, GAB and microcalorimetric approaches. Chem Pharm Bull 53:662–665. doi: 10.1248/cpb.53.66210.1248/cpb.53.662 ↗
44. Salazar R, Domenek S, Ducruet V (2014) Interactions of flavoured oil in-water emulsions with polylactide. Food Chem 148:138–14610.1016/j.foodchem.2013.10.018 ↗
45. Sèbe G, Ham-Pichavant F, Ibarboure E, Koffi ALC, Tingaut P (2012) Supramolecular structure characterization of cellulose II nanowhiskers produced by acid hydrolysis of cellulose I substrates. Biomacromolecules 13:570–578. doi: 10.1021/bm201777j10.1021/bm201777j ↗
46. Sing KSW (1985) Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity. (Recommendations 1984). Pure Appl Chem 57:603–619. doi: 10.1351/pac19855704060310.1351/pac198557040603 ↗
47. Siqueira G, Bras J, Dufresne A (2010) New process of chemical grafting of cellulose nanoparticles with a long chain isocyanate. Langmuir 26:402–411. doi: 10.1021/la902859510.1021/la9028595 ↗
48. Thielemans W, Belgacem MN, Dufresne A (2006) Starch nanocrystals with large chain surface modifications. Langmuir 22:4804–4810. doi: 10.1021/la053394m10.1021/la053394m ↗
49. Timmermann EO (2003) Multilayer sorption parameters: BET or GAB values? Colloid Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 220:235–260. doi: 10.1016/s0927-7757(03)00059-110.1016/s0927-7757(03)00059-1 ↗
50. Van Den Berg C (1984) Description of water activity of food for engineering purposes by means of the GAB model of sorption. Eng Foods 1:311–320
51. Volkova N, Ibrahim V, Hatti-Kaul R, Wadso L (2012) Water sorption isotherms of Kraft lignin and its composites. Carbohydr Polym 87:1817–1821. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.10.00110.1016/j.carbpol.2011.10.001 ↗
52. Wu WB, Zhang L (2014) Functionalization and applications of nanocrystalline cellulose. Prog Chem 26:403–414. doi: 10.7536/pc13065710.7536/pc130657 ↗