Preparation and properties of thermoplastic starch/montmorillonite nanocomposites using N,N‐bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)formamide as a new additive

Abstract N,N‐Bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)formamide (BHF) was synthesized efficiently and used as a new additive to prepare thermoplastic starch/montmorillonite (TPS/MMT) nanocomposites. Here, BHF acted as both plasticizer for TPS and swelling agent for MMT. The hydrogen bond interaction among BHF, starch, and MMT was proven by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. By scanning electron microscope (SEM), starch granules were completely disrupted. Atomic force microscopy demonstrated that partially exfoliated TPS/MMT nanocomposites were formed. The crystallinity of corn starch, MMT, BHF‐plasticized TPS (BTPS), and TPS/MMT nanocomposites was characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), XRD demonstrated that partially intercalated TPS/MMT nanocomposites were formed. The water resistance of TPS/MMT nanocomposites increased compared with that of pure BTPS. Mechanical properties of BTPS and TPS/MMT nanocomposites were examined. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers