journal article·2025-09-10Open access

Curing simulation and experimental analysis of composite segmented tools for aerospace applications

Lihua Zhan, Shunming Yao, Chenglong Guan, Dechao Zhang, Bing Wang, Shuncong Zhong

Polymer Composites· Volume 46· Issue S1

Abstract

Abstract The composite segmented tools, used as the internal mandrel, are crucial in the integrated curing process of aerospace composite tanks. Their precise manufacturing demands stringent curing process requirements. Current studies lack reports on the curing simulation and process optimization of the segmented tools, making it challenging to provide effective guidance for the high‐quality manufacturing of aerospace composite tanks. This study focuses on the composite segmented tools for a Φ3.35 m liquid oxygen tank. The curing kinetics equations and thermophysical properties of T800/epoxy composites were tested and fitted. Finite element prediction models for the temperature and deformation evolution during the curing process were constructed. Based on the orthogonal experimental design, the curing parameters were optimized, and an engineering trial of the composite panel was completed. The results indicate that the heating rate has the most significant impact on the curing deformation of segmented tools, while the curing temperature has the greatest effect on curing uniformity. Under the optimized process parameters, the curing deformation of the composite panel obtained by the finite element model only has a 6.67% error compared to the experimental results, which not only validates the accuracy of the simulation models but also achieves precise manufacturing of the composite segmented tools. Highlights Thermophysical properties of T800/epoxy composites were tested and fitted. FE models during the curing process of segmented tools were constructed. Curing parameters were optimized through orthogonal experimental design. Curing experiments of the panel verified the accuracy of the simulations.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies · Manufacturing Process and Optimization · Epoxy Resin Curing Processes

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance Central South University Changsha People's Republic of China

Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Terahertz Functional Devices and Intelligent Sensing School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University Fuzhou People's Republic of China

Institute of Precision Instrument and Intelligent Measurement & Control Fuzhou University Fuzhou People's Republic of China

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China · Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province

References (32)

Show source-provided references
1. 10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.10629710.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106297 ↗
2. 10.16080/j.issn1671‐833x.2021.11.01410.16080/j.issn1671‐833x.2021.11.014 ↗
3. VickersJH.Composite Cryotank Project Structures for Launch Vehicles. Composite Australia Conference 2013. Melbourne Australia.
4. SippelM KoppA.Progress on advanced Cryo‐tanks structural design achieved in CHATT‐project. 14th European Conference on Spacecraft Structures Materials and Environmental Testing. 2016. Toulouse France.
5. 10.1016/j.cryogenics.2021.10339310.1016/j.cryogenics.2021.103393 ↗
6. 10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.02.00310.1016/j.actaastro.2020.02.003 ↗
7. 10.1002/pc.2520210.1002/pc.25202 ↗
8. 10.1007/s42823‐023‐00543‐x10.1007/s42823‐023‐00543‐x ↗
9. 10.1016/j.coco.2022.10138210.1016/j.coco.2022.101382 ↗
10. 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.12.26310.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.12.263 ↗
11. MallickK CroninJ RyanK et al.An integrated systematic approach to linerless composite tank development. 46th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures Structural Dynamics & Materials Conference. 2005. Austin Texas USA. 2089. doi:10.2514/6.2005‐208910.2514/6.2005-2089 ↗
12. 10.1016/B978‐0‐12‐803581‐8.09958‐610.1016/B978‐0‐12‐803581‐8.09958‐6 ↗
13. 10.1089/space.2017.29009.emu10.1089/space.2017.29009.emu ↗
14. 10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.12.00910.1016/j.compositesa.2008.12.009 ↗
15. 10.3390/en1514515210.3390/en15145152 ↗
16. 10.1016/j.est.2021.10346810.1016/j.est.2021.103468 ↗
17. 10.1016/j.compositesb.2023.11057310.1016/j.compositesb.2023.110573 ↗
18. YuX.Design and Curing Manufacturing Process of Combined Composite Tank Tooling. Master's Thesis. China Changsha: Central South University. (in Chinese).2022.
19. JacksonJR.Nasa composite technologies for launch vehicles. Advanced Materials for Transformative Changes to the Defense Aerospace and Civil Environments. 2016. Oxford USA.
20. FikesJ.Nasa composite cryotank technology project game changing program. Defense Manufacturing Conference (DMC) 2015. Phoenix USA.
21. 10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.08.01210.1016/j.compositesb.2018.08.012 ↗
22. 10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.11537910.1016/j.compstruct.2022.115379 ↗
23. 10.1016/j.compositesa.2022.10732110.1016/j.compositesa.2022.107321 ↗
24. 10.1016/j.compositesa.2020.10621010.1016/j.compositesa.2020.106210 ↗
25. 10.1177/002199831985906110.1177/0021998319859061 ↗
26. 10.1002/pc.2823310.1002/pc.28233 ↗
27. 10.1016/j.compositesa.2023.10770410.1016/j.compositesa.2023.107704 ↗
28. 10.1016/j.compscitech.2022.10984410.1016/j.compscitech.2022.109844 ↗
29. 10.1002/pc.2753810.1002/pc.27538 ↗
30. 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.10.04710.1016/j.polymer.2006.10.047 ↗
31. 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.2012.04.01010.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.2012.04.010 ↗
32. XiaoxiaW.Numerical Simulation of Curing Deformation of Thermosetting Resin Matrix Composites. PhD Thesis. China Jinan: Shandong University. (in Chinese).2012.