Hard to remove water in cellulose fibers characterized by high resolution thermogravimetric analysis - methods development
Source abstract
Abstract
A new method is applied to classify water, termed ‘hard-to-remove (HR) water’, in a cellulosic fiber and water system from an isothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The hard-to-remove (HR) water content is defined as the moisture ratio (g of water / g of dry sample) of the fiber-water system at the transition between the constant rate zone and the falling rate zone of evaporative change in mass. Specific experimental conditions have been defined for an appropriate measurement of the HR water content. The HR water content was correlated with measurable characteristics of cellulosic fibers including water retention value and freeness. The new TGA protocol can be performed on extremely small samples as a convenient and insightful characterization technique for cellulosic fibers.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Advanced Cellulose Research Studies · Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications · NMR spectroscopy and applications
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (20)
Show source-provided references
1. Belhamri A. (2003). Characterization of the first falling rate period during drying of a porous material. Drying technology. 21(7):1235–125210.1081/DRT-120023178 ↗
2. Diniz J.M.B.F., Gil M.H. and Castro J.A.A.M. (2004). Hornification - its origin and interpretation in wood pulps. Wood Sci. Technol. 37(6):489–49410.1007/s00226-003-0216-2 ↗
3. Law C.L., Tasirin S.M. and Daud W.R.W. (2003). A new variable diffusion drying model for the second falling rate period of paddy dried in a rapid bin dryer. Drying technology. 21(9):1699–171810.1081/DRT-120025504 ↗
4. Maloney T., Johansson T. and Paulapuro H. (1998). Removal of water from the cell wall during drying. Paper Technology. July: 2–8
5. Maloney T., Paulapuro H. and Stenius P. (1998). Hydration and swelling of pulp fibers measured with differential scanning calorimetry. Nordic Pulp and Paper Research J. 13(1):31–3610.3183/npprj-1998-13-01-p031-036 ↗
6. McIntosh D.C. (1967). The effect of refining on the structure of the fiber wall. TAPPI J. 55(10):482–488
7. Nakamura K., Hatakeyama T. and Hatakeyama H. (1981). Studies on bound water of cellulose by differential scanning calorimetry. Textile Research J. 51(9):607–61310.1177/004051758105100909 ↗
8. Ölander K., Hyun M and Gren U. (1994). Specific surface area - An important property of mechanical pulp. J. Pulp Paper Sci. 20(11):J338–342
9. Page D.H. and Tydeman P.A. (1963). Transverse swelling and shrinkage of softwood tracheids. Nature 199(4892):471–47210.1038/199471a0 ↗
10. Ping Z.H., Nguyen Q.T., Chen S.M., Zhou J.Q. and Ding Y.D. (2001). States of water in different hydrophilic polymers - DSC and FTIR studies. Polymer. 42(20):8461–846710.1016/S0032-3861(01)00358-5 ↗
11. Polat O. and Mujumdar A.S. (1995). Drying of pulp and paper (chapter 28). In: Mujumdar A.S. (eds). Handbook of industrial drying. Marcel Dekkar Inc., New York
12. Scallan A.M. and Carles J.E. (1972). Correlation of water retention value with fiber saturation point. Svensk Paperstidn. 75(17):699–703
13. Scandinavian test methods: SCAN-C 62:00. 2000. Water retention value of chemical pulp. Nordic Standardization Programme.
14. Schlünder E.U. (1988). On the mechanism of the constant drying rate period and its relevance to diffusion controlled catalytic gas phase reactions. Chemical Eng. Sci. 43(10):2685–268810.1016/0009-2509(88)80012-5 ↗
15. Schlünder E.U. (2004). Drying of porous material during the constant and the falling rate period: A critical review of existing hypotheses. Drying technology. 22(6):1517–153210.1081/DRT-120038738 ↗
16. Tapgaard D. and Söderman O. (2002). Changes of cellulose fiber wall structure during drying investigated using NMR self-diffusion and relaxation experiments. Cellulose. 9(2):139–14710.1023/A:1020158524621 ↗
17. TAPPI test methods: T227 om-94. 2002. Freeness of pulp (Canadian standard method). TAPPI press
18. Weise U., Maloney T. and Paulapuro H. (1996). Quantification of water in different states of interaction with wood pulp fibers. Cellulose. 3(4):189–20210.1007/BF02228801 ↗
19. Welf E.S., Venditti R.A., Hubbe M.A. and Pawlak J.J. 2005. The effect of heating without water removal and drying on the swelling as measured by water retention value and degradation as measured by intrinsic viscosity of cellulose papermaking fibers Prog. Paper Recycling 14(3): 5–13
20. Zhang M., Hubbe M.A., Venditti R.A. and Heitmann J.A. 2004. Effects of sugar addition before drying on the wet flexibility of redispersed kraft fibers. J. Pulp Paper Sci. 30(1): 29–34