Self-assembled single-crystal ferromagnetic iron nanowires formed by decomposition
Source abstract
Abstract
Arrays of perpendicular ferromagnetic nanowires have recently attracted considerable interest for their potential use in many areas of advanced nanotechnology. We report a simple approach to create self-assembled nanowires of alpha-Fe through the decomposition of a suitably chosen perovskite. We illustrate the principle behind this approach using the reaction 2La(0.5)Sr(0.5)FeO(3) --> LaSrFeO(4) + Fe + O(2) that occurs during the deposition of La(0.5)Sr(0.5)FeO(3) under reducing conditions. This leads to the spontaneous formation of an array of single-crystalline alpha-Fe nanowires embedded in LaSrFeO(4) matrix, which grow perpendicular to the substrate and span the entire film thickness. The diameter and spacing of the nanowires are controlled directly by deposition temperature. The nanowires show uniaxial anisotropy normal to the film plane and magnetization close to that of bulk alpha-Fe. The high magnetization and sizable coercivity of the nanowires make them desirable for high-density data storage and other magnetic-device applications.
Source: europepmc · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Multiferroics and related materials · Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials · Magnetic properties of thin films
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (28)
Show source-provided references
1. Shiraki, M., Wakui, Y., Tokushima, T. & Tsuya, N. Perpendicular magnetic media by anodic oxidation method and their recording. IEEE Trans. Magn. 21, 1465–1467 (1985).10.1109/TMAG.1985.1064078 ↗
2. Wagner, R.S. & Ellis, W.C. The vapor-liquid-solid mechanism of crystal growth and its application to silicon. Trans. Metal. Soc. AIME 233, 1053–1064 (1965).
3. Li, F. & Metzger, R.M. Activation volume of α-Fe particles in alumite film. J. Appl. Phys. 81, 3806–3808 (1997).10.1063/1.364776 ↗
4. Huysmans, G.T.A., Lodder, J.C. & Wakui, J. Magnetization curling in perpendicular iron particle arrays (alumite media). J. Appl. Phys. 64, 2016–2021 (1988).10.1063/1.341758 ↗
5. Metzger, R.M. et al. Magnetic nanowires in hexagonally ordered pores of alumina. IEEE Trans. Magn. 36, 30–35 (2000).10.1109/20.824421 ↗
6. Sellmyer, D.J., Zheng, M. & Skomski, R. Magnetism of Fe, Co and Ni, nanowires in self-assembled arrays. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 13, R433–R460 (2001).10.1088/0953-8984/13/25/201 ↗
7. Martín, J.I., Nogués, J., Liu, K., Vicente, J.L. & Schuller, I.K. Ordered magnetic nanostructures: fabrication and properties. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 256, 449–501 (2003).10.1016/S0304-8853(02)00898-3 ↗
8. Chainani, A., Mathew, M. & Sarma, D.D. Electronic structure of La1−xSrxFeO3 . Phys. Rev. B 48, 14818–14825 (1993).10.1103/PhysRevB.48.14818 ↗
9. Yang, J.B. et al. Crystal structure, magnetic properties, and Mössbauer studies of La0.6Sr0.4FeO3-δ prepared by quenching in different atmospheres. Phys. Rev. B 66, 184415 (2002).10.1103/PhysRevB.66.184415 ↗
10. Chrisey, D.B & Hubler, G.K. (eds) Pulsed Laser Deposition of Thin Films (Wiley, New York, 1994).
11. Soubeyroux, J.L., Courbin, P., Fournes, P., Fruchart, D. & Le Flem, G. The phase SrLaFeO4: magnetic and crystalline structure. J. Solid State Chem. 31, 313–320 (1980).10.1016/0022-4596(80)90093-6 ↗
12. Omata, T. et al. Electrical and magnetic properties of hole-doped Sr1+xLa1−xFeO4 . Phys. Rev. B 49, 10194–10199 (1994).10.1103/PhysRevB.49.10194 ↗
13. Omata, T. et al. Preparation of oxygen excess SrLaFeO4+δ and its electrical and magnetic properties. Solid State Commun. 88, 807–811 (1993).10.1016/0038-1098(93)90882-N ↗
14. Omata, T. et al. Electronic structure of hole-doped Sr1+xLa1−xFeO4 studied by UPS and XAS. Phys. Rev. B 49, 10200–10205 (1994).10.1103/PhysRevB.49.10200 ↗
15. Aharony, A., Birgeneau, R.J., Coniglio, A., Kastner, M.A. & Stanley, H.E. Magnetic phase diagram and magnetic pairing in doped La2CuO4 . Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 1330–1333 (1998).10.1103/PhysRevLett.60.1330 ↗
16. Cava, R.J. et al. Magnetic and electrical properties of La2−xSrxNiO4±δ . Phys. Rev. B 43, 1229–1232 (1991).10.1103/PhysRevB.43.1229 ↗
17. Nagao, M., Tanaka, N. & Mihama, K. High resolution electron microscopy of composite films of gold and magnesium oxide. Jpn J. Appl. Phys. 25, L215–L218 (1986).10.1143/JJAP.25.L215 ↗
18. Catana, A., Broom, R.F., Bednorz, J.G., Mannhart, J. & Schlom, D.G. Identification of epitaxial Y2O3 inclusions in sputtered YBa2Cu3O7 films: Impact on film growth. Appl. Phys. Lett. 60, 1016–1018 (1992).10.1063/1.106507 ↗
19. Lu, P. et al. High density, ultrafine precipitates in YBa2Cu3O7-x thin films prepared by plasma-enhanced metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Appl. Phys. Lett. 60, 1265–1267 (1992).10.1063/1.107341 ↗
20. Atzmon, M., Kessler, D.A. & Srolovitz, D.J. Phase separation during film growth. J. Appl. Phys. 72, 442–446 (1992).10.1063/1.351872 ↗
21. Moshnyaga, V. et al. Structural phase transition at the percolation threshold in epitaxial (La0.7Ca0.3MnO3)1−x:(MgO)x nanocomposite films. Nature Mater. 2, 247–252 (2003).10.1038/nmat859 ↗
22. Zheng, H. et al. Multiferroic BaTiO3-CoFe2O4 nanostructures. Science 303, 661–663 (2004).10.1126/science.1094207 ↗
23. Bozorth, R.M. Ferromagnetism (IEEE Magnetics Soc., Piscataway, 1993).10.1109/9780470544624 ↗
24. Skomski, R., Zeng, H. & Sellmyer, D.J. Magnetic localization in transition-metal nanowires. Phys. Rev. B 62, 3900–3904 (2000).10.1103/PhysRevB.62.3900 ↗
25. Vitos, L., Ruban, A.V., Skriver, H.L. & Kollár, J. The surface energy of metals. Surf. Sci. 411, 186–202 (1998).10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00363-X ↗
26. Spencer, M.J.S., Hung, A., Snook, I.K. & Yarovsky, I. Density functional theory study of the relaxation and energy of iron surfaces. Surf. Sci. 513, 389–398 (2002).10.1016/S0039-6028(02)01809-5 ↗
27. Aldén, M., Skriver, H.L., Mirbt, S. & Johansson, B. Surface energy and magnetism of the 3d metals. Surf. Sci. 315, 157–172 (1994).10.1016/0039-6028(94)90551-7 ↗
28. Haasen, P. Physical Metallurgy 3rd edn (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1996).10.1017/CBO9781107295551 ↗