Cuprorivaite as a Multifunctional Material for Hypertrophic Scar Modulation with Intrinsic Photothermal Enhancement

Hypertrophic scarring remains a challenging clinical problem because of its multifactorial pathology involving reduced apoptosis, excessive collagen deposition, aberrant fibroblast migration, and sustained inflammation. Here, we report Cuprorivaite as a multifunctional biomaterial for hypertrophic scar modulation with intrinsic photothermal enhancement. Through sustained multi-ion release, Cuprorivaite enables concomitant modulation of key scar-associated cellular processes, including apoptosis, collagen deposition, migration, and inflammatory responses. In addition to ionic regulation, the material exhibits an intrinsic photothermal response under near-infrared irradiation, which further enhances ion-mediated cellular modulation without introducing additional photothermal agents. In vitro and in vivo evaluations demonstrate effective attenuation of hypertrophic scarring, evidenced by reduced collagen accumulation, increased apoptotic activity, and improved scar architecture. Transcriptomic analysis coupled with functional validation further identifies representative regulatory factors, including H3C14 and SOX9, associated with the combined material response, providing mechanistic insight at the level of cellular regulation. Together, these findings highlight Cuprorivaite as a multifunctional material integrating ionic regulation and intrinsic photothermal enhancement for hypertrophic scar modulation.