A novel 0D/2D direct Z-scheme photocatalyst constructed from ultrathin Bi ₂ MoO ₆ nanosheets anchored with BiOCl ₀ . ₇ I ₀ . ₃ quantum dots for efficient pollutant degradation

Photocatalytic degradation is an eco-friendly method for decomposing tetracycline hydrochloride (TC), yet it faces challenges such as slow photogenerated carrier transfer, poor separation efficiency, and limited active sites. Semiconductor composites offer a promising solution to enhance the catalytic efficiency. In this context, a novel 0D/2D BiOCl_0.7I_0.3/Bi₂MoO₆ (BOCI-BMO) direct Z-scheme photocatalyst was synthesized via a solvothermal method, featuring 0D BiOCl_0.7I_0.3 quantum dots anchored on 2D Bi₂MoO₆ nanosheets. The composite photocatalyst with an optimal BOCI to BMO mass ratio of 7 : 3 (50 mg) achieved over 94% removal of TC (10 ppm) in 40 minutes, demonstrating excellent cyclic stability and broad applicability. Both theoretical calculations and experimental results confirm that the photogenerated carrier transport between semiconductors follows a Z-scheme mechanism, significantly enhancing the carrier separation efficiency while preserving strong redox capabilities. Moreover, the unique 0D and 2D structures provide a large specific surface area, offering abundant active sites and reducing the carrier transport distance, thereby boosting the photocatalytic performance. This study provides theoretical and experimental insights for designing and synthesizing novel visible light-responsive photocatalysts.