Preface to Forum on Electrochemical Applications of Carbon Nanomaterials and Interfaces

This symposium focused on the synthesis, properties (e.g., surface morphology, surface functionalization), and electrochemical applications (e.g., sensing, energy storage and conversion, catalyst, environment) of carbon and carbon-related materials, including diamond, graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanodots, carbon fibers, and carbon nitride.This Forum contains 13 papers, including 2 Reviews, 1 Spotlight on Applications, and 10 Forum Articles.The Review written by Jiang and co-workers summarized recent advances on electrochemical behavior and electrochemical (catalytic) reduction of carbon dioxide on various carbon electrodes.Pang and co-workers reviewed electrochemical preparation of carbon nanodots, their photoluminescence properties, as well as their biosensing applications.In a Spotlight on Applications, Gao and Nebel summarized their recent work on nanostructure diamond-based electrochemical capacitors with respect to their capacitances, energy and powder densities, and capacitance retention.In the Forum Articles, Liu et al. reported a green and the biomass-swelling assisted synthesis of hierarchical porous carbon fibers and their applications as supercapacitor electrodes.Yuan et al. showed the construction of a highly conductive three-dimensional composite sponge using carbon nanotubes and mesoporous carbon as well as its electrochemical catalytic applications for fuel cells and electrochemical sensing of endocrine disrupting compounds.Guo et al. investigated a highly economical electrocatalyst of mesoporous NiCo 2 O 4 decorated with graphene foam for a four-electron reduction process (from O 2 to H 2 O) in alkaline media.Zhao et al. demonstrated the fabrication of a doublelayer three-dimensional macro-mesoporous-based photoanode on TiO 2 , Sb-doped SnO 2 , and boron-doped diamond and its enhanced photoelectrochemical performance toward decomposing bisphenol A. Zhang et al. demonstrated how graphitic carbon nitride sensitizes with CdS quantum dots in a photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical device for photoelectrochemical aptasensing of tetracycline by use of visible light.Swain et al. interrogated in detail the morphology, microstructure, chemistry, electronic properties, and electrochemical behavior of a boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond thin film grown on quartz.Einaga et al. presented an interesting study about the effect of sp 2 and sp 3 carbon in a boron-doped diamond electrode on its electrolytic corrosion behavior during the decomposition of organic compounds in aqueous solution at high positive potentials.de Jong et al. employed electro