journal article·2025-04-30Open access

Voltage-Controlled and Injector Layer Thickness-Dependent Tuning of Quantum Cascade Laser for Terahertz Spectroscopy

Mariusz Mączka, Grzegorz Hałdaś

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces· Volume 17· Issue 17

Abstract

This work presents a numerical study of the tuning capabilities of quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) in terahertz imaging systems. This frequency range allows precise molecular identification without damaging the substance. QCL tuning is achieved by adjusting the power supply and the geometric dimensions of the injector region. Using the authors' Infinite and Finite Model of Superlattice (IMSL and FMSL) approach, the model quickly predicts tuning trends, which are then validated with detailed radiation maps generated by the Real Space Model (RSM). Numerical results reveal a high sensitivity of the QCL optical gain to injector width variations, enabling the creation of either multiple separate tuning regions or a single continuous tuning region with minimal spectral shift.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Spectroscopy and Laser Applications · Terahertz technology and applications · Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Electronics Fundamentals, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Rzeszow University of Technology

Funding

Ministerstwo Edukacji i Nauki

References (65)

Show source-provided references
1. 10.1016/j.saa.2017.10.05910.1016/j.saa.2017.10.059 ↗
2. 10.3390/s2209317210.3390/s22093172 ↗
3. 10.1080/05704928.2014.96582510.1080/05704928.2014.965825 ↗
4. 10.3139/120.11035110.3139/120.110351 ↗
5. 10.3390/app1015516610.3390/app10155166 ↗
6. 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.10.03210.1016/j.plaphy.2022.10.032 ↗
7. Kwaśny M. · Elektronika-konstrukcje, technologie, zastosowania · 2009 · 50 · 86
8. 10.1007/s00340-008-3047-x10.1007/s00340-008-3047-x ↗
9. 10.1364/OE.50362410.1364/OE.503624 ↗
10. 10.1007/s10762-016-0283-810.1007/s10762-016-0283-8 ↗
11. 10.3389/fbioe.2023.121904210.3389/fbioe.2023.1219042 ↗
12. 10.1117/12.219458510.1117/12.2194585 ↗
13. 10.1109/JBHI.2013.225733310.1109/JBHI.2013.2257333 ↗
14. 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.03403310.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.034033 ↗
15. 10.3390/bios1210082610.3390/bios12100826 ↗
16. Ma, X.; Wang, K.; Fauquet, F.; Roux, M.; Dandolo, C. L. K.; Mounaix, P.; Guillet, J.P. Terahertz frequency modulated continuous wave imaging for non-destructive evaluation of painting and multilayer parts. Proceedings, Volume 10531, Terahertz, RF, Millimeter, and Submillimeter-Wave Technology and Applications XI, March 20, 2018; 1053122. 10.1117/12.2291016.10.1117/12.2291016 ↗
17. 10.3390/app1015516610.3390/app10155166 ↗
18. 10.1587/elex.4.25810.1587/elex.4.258 ↗
19. 10.1007/978-3-030-76636-8_2510.1007/978-3-030-76636-8_25 ↗
20. 10.1364/AO.55.00457510.1364/AO.55.004575 ↗
21. 10.1142/S021797921950272210.1142/S0217979219502722 ↗
22. 10.1108/IJSI-11-2017-006810.1108/IJSI-11-2017-0068 ↗
23. 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.335905410.1109/ACCESS.2024.3359054 ↗
24. 10.3390/polym1301000610.3390/polym13010006 ↗
25. 10.1063/5.017904110.1063/5.0179041 ↗
26. 10.1007/s10762-017-0377-y10.1007/s10762-017-0377-y ↗
27. 10.1088/0268-1242/20/7/01510.1088/0268-1242/20/7/015 ↗
28. 10.1063/1.238804110.1063/1.2388041 ↗
29. 10.1063/1.159513210.1063/1.1595132 ↗
30. 10.1364/OE.11.00254910.1364/OE.11.002549 ↗
31. 10.1016/S1369-7021(08)70016-610.1016/S1369-7021(08)70016-6 ↗
32. 10.1088/0034-4885/70/8/R0210.1088/0034-4885/70/8/R02 ↗
33. 10.1007/978-0-387-49119-6_4110.1007/978-0-387-49119-6_41 ↗
34. 10.1364/OE.17.02063110.1364/OE.17.020631 ↗
35. 10.1364/OE.50794110.1364/OE.507941 ↗
36. 10.1063/1.11574110.1063/1.115741 ↗
37. 10.1063/1.159074910.1063/1.1590749 ↗
38. Kosiel, K., AlGaAs/GaAs quantum cascade lasers for gas detection systems. International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves; IEEE, 2011; pp 1–2. 10.1109/irmmw-THz.2011.6105118.10.1109/irmmw-THz.2011.6105118 ↗
39. 10.1364/OE.17.01992610.1364/OE.17.019926 ↗
40. 10.1364/OE.16.01983010.1364/OE.16.019830 ↗
41. 10.1038/nphoton.2009.21810.1038/nphoton.2009.218 ↗
42. 10.1116/6.000316010.1116/6.0003160 ↗
43. 10.1002/pssr.20230039210.1002/pssr.202300392 ↗
44. 10.1109/TTHZ.2011.215954310.1109/TTHZ.2011.2159543 ↗
45. 10.1007/s00340-005-1965-410.1007/s00340-005-1965-4 ↗
46. 10.1364/OL.32.00279210.1364/OL.32.002792 ↗
47. 10.1063/1.493214110.1063/1.4932141 ↗
48. 10.1364/OE.47408610.1364/OE.474086 ↗
49. 10.1063/1.491339110.1063/1.4913391 ↗
50. 10.1109/TED.2007.90287110.1109/TED.2007.902871 ↗
51. 10.1103/PhysRevB.79.19532310.1103/PhysRevB.79.195323 ↗
52. 10.1088/1742-6596/1560/1/01204810.1088/1742-6596/1560/1/012048 ↗
53. 10.1002/pssc.20046071210.1002/pssc.200460712 ↗
54. 10.24425/bpasts.2019.12966110.24425/bpasts.2019.129661 ↗
55. Mączka, M.; Pawłowski, S. Efficient method for transport simulations in quantum cascade lasers. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Semiconductor Nanostructures for Optoelectronics and Biosensors (IC SeNOB), Rzeszow, Poland, May 22–25, 2016; EPJ Web of Conferences, 2016; p 133.10.1051/epjconf/201713304003 ↗
56. 10.3390/electronics911184510.3390/electronics9111845 ↗
57. 10.3390/en1503076010.3390/en15030760 ↗
58. 10.1007/s10825-019-01386-410.1007/s10825-019-01386-4 ↗
59. 10.1364/OE.20.00386610.1364/OE.20.003866 ↗
60. 10.1063/1.311441810.1063/1.3114418 ↗
61. 10.3390/ma1516571510.3390/ma15165715 ↗
62. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.57.176110.1103/PhysRevLett.57.1761 ↗
63. 10.1063/1.36539410.1063/1.365394 ↗
64. 10.1109/JQE.2011.213051210.1109/JQE.2011.2130512 ↗
65. Hałdaś, G.; Kolek, A. Quantum-mechanical modeling of nanoelectronic devices. 40th International Spring Seminar on Electronics Technology (ISSE), Sofia, Bulgaria; IEEE, 2017; pp 1–6. 10.1109/ISSE.2017.8000968.10.1109/ISSE.2017.8000968 ↗