High Performance and Stable Organic Solar Cells Fabricated by Y-Series Small Molecular Materials as the Interfacial Modified Layer

The organic solar cell (OSC) has received tremendous consideration for the impressive increased power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 11% to over 18% in the last decade, but another main parameter, the stability, still needs further study to meet the requirements of commercialization. Generally, the inverted structure device shows more stability than the conventional one owing to the structure characteristics, but even so, the performance and stability of the OSC device still need further improvement because of some undesirable contact between the electron transport layer (typically transition metal oxide like ZnO) and the active layer. Here, three Y-series small molecular acceptor materials (Y6, BTP-eC9, and L8-BO) are used as an interfacial modified layer (IML), which could optimize the interfacial characterization of the devices and thus enhance both the performance and stability. As a result, the insertion of the IML improved the interlayer charge transport capacity by passivating the surface of ZnO, leading to the enhancement of short circuit current density (JSC), fill factor, and PCE of the OSCs. Furthermore, because of the protection of the IML, the OSCs show outstanding stability compared to the control device (without IML), which could maintain 80% performance of the device over 150 h.