Covalent Organic Framework (COF)/Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS ₂ ) Heterostructures for Visible-Light-Driven Hydrogen Peroxide Synthesis

Sustainable hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) production is crucial for addressing environmental challenges and advancing chemical synthesis. Photosynthesis of H 2 O 2 from water, oxygen, and light offers an eco-friendly and cost-effective alternative to conventional methods; however, its practical application is limited by the poor performance of traditional photocatalysts due to rapid charge recombination, inefficient charge utilization, and limited redox capability. Herein, we developed a hybrid photocatalyst by integrating MoS 2 nanosheets into a covalent organic framework (COF), forming a MoS 2 –1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol–4,4′,4″-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)-trianiline (MoS 2 –Tp–TAPT) heterostructure. This structure exhibits enhanced charge separation, reduced charge transfer resistance, and improved stability during photocatalytic reactions in pure water. Control experiments revealed that H 2 O 2 generation proceeds via two synergistic pathways. The optimized 3% MoS 2 –Tp–TAPT catalyst achieved a high H 2 O 2 production rate of 667 μmol g –1 h –1, significantly outperforming the pristine COF. This work demonstrates an effective strategy to enhance both the stability and the photocatalytic efficiency of COFs through hybrid structure engineering.