journal article·2022-09-28

Insights into the Reaction Mechanisms of Nongraphitic High-Surface Porous Carbons for Application in Na- and Mg-Ion Batteries

Saúl Rubio, Rafaela Ruiz, Wenhua Zuo, Yixiao Li, Ziteng Liang, Daniel Cosano, Jun Gao, Yong Yang, Gregorio F. Ortiz

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces· Volume 14· Issue 38
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Abstract

The fabrication of low-cost carbon materials and high-performance sodium- and magnesium-ion batteries comprising hierarchical porous electrodes and superior electrolytes is necessary for complementing Li-ion energy storage. In this work, nongraphitic high-surface porous carbons (NGHSPCs) exhibited an unprecedented formation of n-stages (stage-1 and stage-2) due to the co-intercalation of sodium (Na(dgm)2C20) with diglyme. X-ray diffraction patterns, Patterson diagram, Raman spectra, and IR spectra suggested the presence of n-stages. This phenomenon implies an increase of the initial capacity (∼200 mAh g–1) and good Na-ion diffusion (2.97 × 10–13 cm2 s–1), employing diglyme as compared to standard electrolytes containing propylene carbonate and fluoroethylene carbonate. Additionally, the current approach is scalable to full Na- and Mg-ion cells by using t-Na5V(PO4)2F2 and MgMnSiO4 cathodes, respectively, reaching 250 and 110 W h kg–1 based on the anode mass. The simultaneous Mg (de)insertion from/into MgMnSiO4 and the adsorption/desorption of bistriflimide ions on the NGHSPC surface is responsible for capacity enhancement.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Advancements in Battery Materials · Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies · Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University Research Institute in Nanochemistry (IUNAN), University of Córdoba, Campus of Rabanales, Marie Curie Building, Córdoba E-14071, Spain

Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Helmholtzstrasse 11, Ulm 89081, Germany

State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China

Department of Organic Chemistry, University Research Institute in Nanochemistry (IUNAN), University of Córdoba, Campus of Rabanales, Marie Curie Building, Córdoba E-14071, Spain

Funding

Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China · Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci?n · Agencia de Innovaci?n y Desarrollo de Andaluc?a · Ministerio de Educaci?n y Formaci?n Profesional · Ministerio de Econom?a y Competitividad · Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung · National Natural Science Foundation of China

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