Positively Charged-Amylose-Entangled Au-Nanoparticles Acting as Protein Carriers and Potential Adjuvants to SARS-CoV-2 Subunit Vaccines
Source abstract
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread worldwide. To protect and control the spread of SARS-CoV-2, varieties of subunit vaccines based on spike (S) proteins have been approved for human applications. Here, we report a new subunit vaccine design strategy that functions as both an antigen carrier and an adjuvant in immunization to elicit high-level immune responses. The complex of 2-hydroxypropyl-trimethylammonium chloride chitosan and amylose entangles Au nanoparticles (HTCC/amylose/AuNPs) forming 40 nm nanocarriers with a positive charge. The obtained positively charged nanoparticles reveal many merits, including the larger S protein loading capacity in PBS buffer, higher cellular uptake ability, and lower cell cytotoxicity, supporting their potential as safe vaccine nanocarriers. Two functionalized nanoparticle subunit vaccines are prepared via loading full-length S proteins derived from SARS-CoV-2 variants. In mice, both prepared vaccines elicit high specific IgG antibodies, neutralize antibodies, and immunoglobulin IgG1 and IgG2a. The prepared vaccines also elicit robust T- and B-cell immune responses and increase CD19 + B cells, CD11C + dendritic cells, and CD11B + macrophages at the alveoli and bronchi of the immunized mice. Furthermore, the results of skin safety tests and histological observation of organs indicated in vivo safety of HTCC/amylose/AuNP-based vaccines. Summarily, our prepared HTCC/amylose/AuNP have significant potential as general vaccine carriers for the delivery of different antigens with potent immune stimulation.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research · Immunotherapy and Immune Responses · Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China
Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000, China
GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou 225300, China
College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210000, China
School of Pharmaceutical, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210000, China
School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China
Funding
Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences · National Key Research and Development Program of China · China Postdoctoral Science Foundation · Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province · Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund · National Natural Science Foundation of China · Special Project of Northern Jiangsu · JBGS Project of Seed Industry Revitalization in Jiangsu Province
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