Energetic Gem-dinitro Salts with Improved Thermal Stability by Incorporating with A Fused Building Block

Thermal stability is one of the most significant properties for the safety of energetic materials, finding a stable skeleton with suitable energetic groups is always a primary test. In this work, an unusual aminohydrazone cyclization strategy was used in the synthesis of a new series of gem-dinitro 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4,5]-tetrazine compounds with desirable thermal stability (≥197 °C). All of the new compounds were fully characterized by infrared (IR), NMR, differential scanning calorimetry, single crystal X-ray diffraction, and elemental analysis. The decomposition temperature of potassium salt 2 is 288 °C, reaching the level of HMX. All of these performances have demonstrated the effective synthesis strategy for innovatively combining geminal dinitro groups with fused rings.