Multifunctions of Excited Gold Nanoparticles Decorated Artificial Kidney with Efficient Hemodialysis and Therapeutic Potential

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is inflammation-related. Patients with chronic renal failure who undergo hemodialysis (HD) have some acute adverse effects caused by dialysis-induced oxidative stress, protein adsorption, platelet adhesion, and activation of coagulation and inflammation. Here, resonantly illuminated gold nanoparticles-modified artificial kidney (AuNPs@AK) for achieving high efficiency accompanying therapeutic strategy for CKD during HD is proposed. The efficiency in removing uremic toxins increased obviously, especially in the presence of protein (closer to the real blood). The excited AuNPs@AK expressed negatively charged surface reduced some acute adverse effects caused by dialysis-induced protein adsorption, platelet adhesion, and activation of coagulation, thus avoiding thrombosis during HD. Unlike to traditional HD which provides only one function of removing uremic toxins, the solution collected from the outlet of the sample channel of excited AuNPs@AK showed an efficient free radical scavenger that could decrease dialysis-induced oxidative stress. In the CKD mouse model, this antioxidative solution from excited AuNPs@AK further decreased fibronectin expression and attenuated renal fibrosis, suggesting a reduced inflammatory response. These successful in vitro and in vivo approaches suggest that resonantly illuminated AuNPs@AK in HD take multiadvantages in shortening treatment time and reducing risk of adverse effects, which promise trailblazing therapeutic strategies for CKD.