Low-Cost Room-Temperature Synthesis of NaV₃O₈·1.69H₂O Nanobelts for Mg Batteries

Potentially safe and economically feasible magnesium batteries (MBs) have attracted tremendous research attention as an alternative to high-cost and unsafe lithium ion batteries. In the current work, for the first time, we report a novel room-temperature approach to dope the atomic species sodium between the vanadium oxide crystal lattice to obtain NaV 3 O 8 ·1.69H 2 O (NVO) nanobelts. The synthesized NVO nanobelts are used as electrode materials for MBs. The MB cells demonstrate stable discharge specific capacity of 110 mA h g –1 at a current density of 10 mA g –1 and a high cyclic stability, that is 80% capacity retention after 100 cycles, at a current density of 50 mA g –1 . Moreover, the effects of cutoff voltages (ranging from 2 to 2.6 V) on their electrochemical performance were investigated. The reason for the limited specific capacity of MBs is attributed to the trapping of Mg ions inside the NVO lattices. This work opens up a new pathway to explore different electrode materials for MBs with improved electrochemical performance.