Directly Coating a Multifunctional Interlayer on the Cathode via Electrospinning for Advanced Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

The lithium–sulfur battery is considered as a prospective candidate for a high-energy-storage system because of its high theoretical specific capacity and energy. However, the dissolution and shutter of polysulfides lead to low active material utilization and fast capacity fading. Electrospinning technology is employed to directly coat an interlayer composed of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and nitrogen-doped carbon black (NC) fibers on the cathode. Benefiting from electrospinning technology, the PAN-NC fibers possess good electrolyte infiltration for fast lithium-ion transport and great flexibility for adhering on the cathode. The NC particles provide good affinity for polysufides and great conductivity. Thus, the polysulfides can be trapped on the cathode and reutilized well. As a result, the PAN-NC-coated sulfur cathode (PAN-NC@cathode) exhibits the initial discharge capacity of 1279 mAh g –1 and maintains the reversible capacity of 1030 mAh g –1 with capacity fading of 0.05% per cycle at 200 mA g –1 after 100 cycles. Adopting electrospinning to directly form fibers on the cathode shows a promising application.