A novel approach to prepare tetragonal BaTiO3 nanopowders

Abstract BaTiO3 nanopowders were attempted to synthesize by using a novel straight-forward, solvent free reactions under autogenic pressure at elevated temperature (RAPET) approach. The as-prepared BaTiO3 nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution TEM, and convergent-beam electron diffraction. It was found that Ba(OH)2·8H2O and Ti(OBu)4 could be appropriate starting materials to synthesize BaTiO3 at 973 K for 2 h by using RAPET approach. Pure tetragonal BaTiO3 nanopowders could be obtained by exceeding moderate amount of Ba(OH)2·8H2O in the starting materials. The obtained BaTiO3 nanoparticles had well dispersion and crystallinity, possessed a tetragonal perovskite structure at room temperature and relatively narrow particle size distribution.