Hierarchical ZnO–Ag–C Composite Porous Microspheres with Superior Electrochemical Properties as Anode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

Hierarchical ZnO-Ag-C composite porous microspheres are successfully synthesized by calcination of the preproduced zinc-silver citrate porous microspheres in argon. The carbon derives from the in situ carbonization of carboxylic acid groups in zinc-silver citrate during annealing treatment. The average particle size of ZnO-Ag-C composite porous microspheres is approximate 1.5 μm. When adopted as the electrode materials in lithium ion batteries, the obtained composite porous microspheres display high specific capacity, excellent cyclability, and good rate capability. A discharge capacity as high as 729 mA h g(-1) can be retained after 200 cycles at 100 mA g(-1). The excellent electrochemical properties of ZnO-Ag-C are ascribed to its unique hierarchical porous configuration as well as the modification of silver and carbon.