Accurately Engineering 2D/2D/0D Heterojunction In Hierarchical Ti₃C₂T_x MXene Nanoarchitectures for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Shielding

The accurate heterojunction engineering in MXene-based composites unprecedentedly boosts their electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption and shielding performance. However, the flocculation of MXene caused by abundant termination groups severely restricts the regulation of heterojunction, which hankers for a revolutionary compositing strategy against unmanageable self-aggregation. Herein, electrically neutral coordination compound with large molecular volume is decorated on Ti 3 C 2 T x lamellas to protect them from self-precipitation. A rapid polymerization reaction then controllably assembles them into a hierarchical microsphere composed of superlattice-like 2 D /2D polymer/MXene building blocks. In the carbonized Ti 3 C 2 T x /C/MoO 2 microspheres, 2 D /2D/0D heterojunctions can be precisely tuned to regulate electric/dielectric properties. These heterojunctions simultaneously trigger the intensive interfacial polarization and out-plane electron flowing to exhaust the EM energy as much as possible, confirmed by electron holography. Therefore, our products achieve the first-rate EM wave absorption with an ultrabroad absorption bandwidth of 7.7 GHz at the thickness of 2.5 mm. By altering the heterojunction, the composite acquires excellent EM interference shielding performance with an average shielding effectiveness of 35.9 dB. These accomplishments light a new way to microstructure construction and heterojunction design of MXene-based composites and lay out a profound insight into their EM wave absorption mechanism.