Modifying CsPbX₃ (X = Cl, Br, I) with a Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework through Mechanical Milling for Aqueous Photocatalytic H₂ Evolution

All-inorganic perovskite nanocrystals (CsPbX3, X = Cl, Br, and I) have attracted increasing attention in various fields due to their unique optoelectronic properties. However, the vulnerable structure of CsPbX3 in aqueous solutions severely limits its further application in diverse fields. Although many protocols have been developed, the synthesis of all-inorganic CsPbX3 nanocrystals in a large-scale and environment-friendly manner remains a significant challenge. Here, we demonstrate a facile strategy for modifying CsPbX3 with a zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-8) through mechanical milling, which can be used for the large-scale synthesis of CsPbX3@ZIF-8 composites. More importantly, the as-prepared composites display superior stability, and the photoluminescence (PL) intensity remains ∼86.7% after 8 weeks. Detailed characterizations indicate that the synergy in the composites can significantly facilitate the separation of photoinduced electrons and holes, leading to an increase in the photocurrent intensity. For photocatalytic H2 evolution under visible light, the optimal CsPbBr3@ZIF-8 composite exhibits a H2 productivity of 19.63 μmol·g–1 H2 after 2.5 h, thus proving to be a promising catalyst for photocatalytic H2 evolution under visible light in aqueous solutions. This work may not only provide a facile strategy for the modification of CsPbX3 nanocrystals but also promotes their practical applications in diverse fields.