Dispensing Printing for Microelectronics and Vibration Performance of PVDF Films

Flexible piezoelectric films are increasingly vital for advanced electronic devices, where higher sensitivity and enhanced piezoelectric performance are in growing demand. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is particularly notable for its strong piezoelectric effect, flexibility, chemical stability, and tunable piezoelectric properties, making it an excellent candidate for flexible electronics. Improving the piezoelectric performance of PVDF films thus remains a key challenge in device fabrication. In this work, PVDF films were prepared using a microelectronic printing method followed by a combined heat treatment and electrode polarization process. We systematically studied their ferroelectric and dielectric properties, energy harvesting performance, and deformation vibration behavior. Finite element simulations were also conducted to analyze the piezoelectric response, breakdown pathways at maximum voltage, and voltage output under mechanical loading. Results show that films printed with 24% solid content, dried at 40 °C, and subjected to coupled heat and polarization treatment exhibit increased β-phase content. This leads to a higher maximum breakdown voltage and enhanced residual polarization, along with an improved dielectric constant and reduced dielectric loss. These changes contribute to superior energy harvesting efficiency and larger vibration amplitude. The optimized films achieved an open-circuit voltage of 15.51 V and short-circuit current of 5.34 μA during energy harvesting tests. This study provides a practical and effective process optimization route for fabricating high-performance PVDF thin-film devices, demonstrating significant application potential in flexible electronics.