The effects of electronic structure of non-metallic doped TiO2 anode and co-sensitization on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells

N/TiO2, S/TiO2, and N S/TiO2 nanocrystalline films anode were obtained by doping non-metallic element N and S which could change the LUMO of anode, leading to the easy injection of electron from the excited state of dye molecule to the conduction band of semiconductor, and thus improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and reducing the impedance of solar cells. The anode films treated by titanium tetrachloride and co-sensitized by P3HT/N719 were also studied. The absorption region of P3HT/N719 covered the entire visible region in the solar cells. The solar cell based on N/TiO2 anode film treated by titanium tetrachloride and P3HT/N719 showed a short-circuit current density of 10.20 mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage of 0.557 V, and photoelectric conversion efficiency of 2.55%.