Effects of Glass Elements on the Structural Evolution ofin situGrown Ferroelectric Perovskite Crystals in Sol-gel Derived Glass-ceramics

Several ABO₃perovskite ferroelectric crystals, PbTiO₃, Pb(Zr, Ti)O₃, and BaTiO₃have beenin situgrown from amorphous gels with glass elements, and the structural evolution has been systematically investigated using x-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectra (IR), differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and dielectric measurements. It is found that in the Si-contained glass-ceramic systems, Si and B glass elements are incorporated into the crystalline structures, resulting in the variation of the crystallization process, change of lattice constant, and dielectric properties. Some metastable phases expressed by a general formula A_xB_yG_zO_w(A = Pb and Ba; B = Zr and Ti; G for glass elements, especially for Si) have been observed and discussed.