PZT Powders Synthesized by Hydrothermal Method

Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) powders with single-phase, cubic morphology and average size of 1 μm were synthesized using hydrothermal methods. Effects of KOH concentration, hydrothermal treatment time and Pb excess were investigated. The results show that KOH concentration has an important influence on the solid solubility of Pb ion in A-site of PZT perovskite structure. The concentration of Pb 2+ vacancies increased with the increase of OH − con- centration. However, this kind of deficiency could be compensated by adding more Pb ions in the raw materials, and more Pb ions were needed to add with higher alkaline concentration in the starting solution. But excessive compensa- tion of Pb ions would result in the appearance of the second phase.