Laser-Enhanced Biomorphic Scaffolds Support Multipotent Stem Cell Differentiation and Angiogenesis for Vascularised Bone Regeneration
Source abstract
Abstract
Biomorphic hydroxyapatite scaffolds derived from rattan wood (GreenBone) show significant promise in bone tissue engineering due to their inherent structural similarity to natural bone. Laser-drilled GreenBone scaffolds were studied for enhanced porosity, nutrient diffusion, cellular infiltration, and vascularisation. Patient-derived bone marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (BMMSCs) and culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cells (cMSCs) demonstrated high cell viability (>90%), considerable adhesion, and extensive cytoskeletal organisation. Trilineage differentiation confirmed the multipotency of BMMSCs, with osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic markers being successfully expressed. BMMSCs and cMSCs exhibited enhanced differentiation and gene expression profiles. At week 4, key osteogenic and angiogenic genes such as BMP2, VEGFC, RUNX2, and COL1A1 showed elevated expression, indicating improved bone formation and vascularisation activity. Markers associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling, including MMP9 and TIMP1, were also upregulated, suggesting active tissue remodelling. ELISA analysis for VEGF further demonstrated increased VEGF secretion, highlighting the scaffold’s angiogenic potential. The improved cellular response and vascular signalling emphasise the translational relevance of laser-modified GreenBone scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, particularly for critical-sized defect repair requiring rapid vascularised bone regeneration.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Bone Tissue Engineering Materials · Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine · Laser Applications in Dentistry and Medicine
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Oral Biology Division, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
The Faculty of Engineering & Digital Technologies, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospital Trust, Leeds LS7 4SA, UK
Academic Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
Funding
GreenBone Ortho Company · Medical Research Council · Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council · Leeds Biomedical Research Centre
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