Comparative Animal Study of Zirconia-Coated Titanium Implants: Effect on Bone Formation and Collagen Fiber Orientation
Source abstract
Abstract
Tissue responses to zirconia-coated implants treated with molecular precursor method were evaluated. The zirconia film was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Cylindrical titanium (ZrO2/Ti) specimens were sandblasted, acid-etched, and coated with zirconia using the molecular precursor method. Control specimens were sandblasted and acid-etched only (SLA/Ti). After maxillary first molar extraction, four ZrO2/Ti and four SLA/Ti implants were placed in the alveolar bone of the rats, and tissue responses were observed after 3 weeks. Surface analysis using SEM and AFM showed zirconia was present on ZrO2/Ti surface, with coating not affecting surface morphology compared to SLA/Ti. EDX, XPS, and XRD measurements confirmed the ZrO2 coating on the roughened Ti. The amount of new bone was greater in ZrO2/Ti (77.0 ± 7.2%) than in SLA/Ti (59.7 ± 5.8%) (p = 0.807). Collagen fibers oriented perpendicular to implant surface were observed more frequently in ZrO2/Ti (67.3 ± 9.5%) than in SLA/Ti (18.8 ± 10.01%) (p < 0.001). The area of perpendicular collagen fibers was significantly larger in ZrO2/Ti (53.1 ± 13.4%) than in SLA/Ti (16.8 ± 2.6%) (p = 0.002). Zirconia-coated implants maintained surface morphology and improved bone formation and fiber orientation in the gingiva compared to conventional titanium implants in short-term animal experiments.
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Research context
OpenAlex topics: Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes · Bone Tissue Engineering Materials · Titanium Alloys Microstructure and Properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Orthodontics, Yokohama City University Medical Center, 4-57 Urafune-cho, Minami-ku, Yokohama 232-0024, Kanagawa, Japan
Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Implantology, Tsurumi University Dental Hospital, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Kanagawa, Japan
Department of Education for Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Kanagawa, Japan
Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Prosthodontics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Kanagawa, Japan
Department of Applied Physics, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, 2665-1, Nakano-machi, Hachioji 192-0983, Tokyo, Japan
Department of Operative Dentistry, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Kanagawa, Japan
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Kanagawa, Japan
Funding
JSPS KAKENHI
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