journal article·2025-11Open access

Molecule‐Engineered Triarylamine Polymers: Tailoring Multifunctional Optoelectrochemical and Energy‐Saving Applications

Yu‐Jen Shao, Chin‐Hsuan Lin, Cha‐Wen Chang, Yu‐Ting Kao, Hung‐Lin Ho, Ryuho Mizuno, Masaki Shimizu, Guey‐Sheng Liou

Small Structures· Volume 6· Issue 11

Abstract

Electrochromic materials could modulate optical properties via applied voltage and are integral to smart windows, displays, and energy‐efficient devices. This study presents molecule‐engineered triarylamine‐based non‐conjugated polyamide (A‐NCP) for multifunctional optoelectrochemical and energy‐saving applications. Four polyamides are synthesized, and all exhibited excellent electrochromic behaviors and properties. Among them, the terephthalamide‐bridge triarylamine polyamide reveals a significant bathochromic shift of nearly 300 nm compared to the conventional phenyl π‐bridge in the cation radical form, extending intervalence charge‐transfer (IV‐CT) absorption into the NIR‐II region (1246 nm) and demonstrating broadband absorption across visible to NIR‐II wavelengths, high optical contrast ratios, and rapid response times. Notably, it enables monitoring residual capacity via absorption changes via blue, orange, NIR‐I, and NIR‐II light sources in electrochromic supercapacitors. Beyond light‐absorption monitoring, light‐emission monitoring could also be achieved by integrating electrofluorochromism with supercapacitors, enabling whole‐day monitoring capabilities. Furthermore, broadband NIR absorption effectively suppresses heat penetration and mitigates water temperature which increases from 11.2 °C to only 3.2 °C at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. These findings position these molecule‐engineered terephthalamide‐bridge triarylamine derivatives as promising materials for up‐and‐coming next‐generation multifunctional optoelectrochemical and energy‐saving applications.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Conducting polymers and applications · Luminescence and Fluorescent Materials · Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering National Taiwan University 1 Roosevelt Road, 4th Sec. Taipei 106319 Taiwan

Department of Digital Printing Materials Division of Applied Chemistry Material and Chemical Research Laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute 321 Kuang Fu Road, 2nd Sec. Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan

Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering Kyoto Institute of Technology 1 Hashikami‐cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo‐ku Kyoto 606‐8585 Japan

References (73)

Show source-provided references
1. 10.1039/978178801666710.1039/9781788016667 ↗
2. 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c0105510.1021/acs.chemrev.1c01055 ↗
3. 10.1002/978352783063310.1002/9783527830633 ↗
4. 10.1021/cr900129a10.1021/cr900129a ↗
5. 10.1016/j.apmt.2021.10107310.1016/j.apmt.2021.101073 ↗
6. 10.1039/D1TA10970G10.1039/D1TA10970G ↗
7. 10.1002/adfm.20210984810.1002/adfm.202109848 ↗
8. 10.1002/aenm.20160220910.1002/aenm.201602209 ↗
9. 10.1021/acssuschemeng.3c0086510.1021/acssuschemeng.3c00865 ↗
10. 10.1016/j.solmat.2023.11232010.1016/j.solmat.2023.112320 ↗
11. 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.0c0032210.1021/acsmaterialslett.0c00322 ↗
12. 10.1115/1.403113210.1115/1.4031132 ↗
13. 10.1038/s41598-019-47572-z10.1038/s41598-019-47572-z ↗
14. 10.1016/j.scib.2018.05.01910.1016/j.scib.2018.05.019 ↗
15. 10.1002/anie.20220029110.1002/anie.202200291 ↗
16. 10.1016/j.cej.2022.13908210.1016/j.cej.2022.139082 ↗
17. 10.1002/ange.20210087010.1002/ange.202100870 ↗
18. 10.1021/acsami.0c0827010.1021/acsami.0c08270 ↗
19. 10.1016/j.dyepig.2023.11189010.1016/j.dyepig.2023.111890 ↗
20. 10.1002/app.5437710.1002/app.54377 ↗
21. 10.1016/j.cej.2020.12640210.1016/j.cej.2020.126402 ↗
22. 10.1002/adom.20220262410.1002/adom.202202624 ↗
23. 10.1021/jacs.4c0465310.1021/jacs.4c04653 ↗
24. 10.1038/s41467-019-14194-y10.1038/s41467-019-14194-y ↗
25. 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.13576910.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135769 ↗
26. 10.1016/j.dyepig.2023.11155610.1016/j.dyepig.2023.111556 ↗
27. 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c0271910.1021/acs.macromol.0c02719 ↗
28. 10.1039/D4PY00659C10.1039/D4PY00659C ↗
29. 10.1021/jacs.9b0150710.1021/jacs.9b01507 ↗
30. 10.1002/adom.20240085510.1002/adom.202400855 ↗
31. 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c0205410.1021/acs.chemmater.2c02054 ↗
32. 10.1016/j.cej.2021.13380810.1016/j.cej.2021.133808 ↗
33. 10.1021/acsami.4c1212910.1021/acsami.4c12129 ↗
34. 10.1038/s41467-024-52430-210.1038/s41467-024-52430-2 ↗
35. 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c0284310.1021/acssuschemeng.0c02843 ↗
36. 10.1016/j.jelechem.2024.11846710.1016/j.jelechem.2024.118467 ↗
37. 10.1002/batt.20220045410.1002/batt.202200454 ↗
38. 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2024.10124410.1016/j.pmatsci.2024.101244 ↗
39. 10.1016/j.mattod.2023.05.00310.1016/j.mattod.2023.05.003 ↗
40. 10.1016/j.cej.2022.13838610.1016/j.cej.2022.138386 ↗
41. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.23643510.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.236435 ↗
42. 10.1039/D0TA08263E10.1039/D0TA08263E ↗
43. 10.1021/acsami.9b2038410.1021/acsami.9b20384 ↗
44. 10.1039/D2TA09065A10.1039/D2TA09065A ↗
45. 10.1016/j.jcis.2025.01.00110.1016/j.jcis.2025.01.001 ↗
46. 10.1016/j.ensm.2025.10403610.1016/j.ensm.2025.104036 ↗
47. 10.1039/D4TA03178D10.1039/D4TA03178D ↗
48. 10.1016/j.cej.2023.14409910.1016/j.cej.2023.144099 ↗
49. 10.1016/j.jechem.2023.12.02610.1016/j.jechem.2023.12.026 ↗
50. 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.05.08710.1016/j.tetlet.2011.05.087 ↗
51. 10.1039/D1MH01136G10.1039/D1MH01136G ↗
52. 10.1002/jcc.2288510.1002/jcc.22885 ↗
53. 10.3866/PKU.WHXB20170925210.3866/PKU.WHXB201709252 ↗
54. 10.1016/j.carbon.2020.05.02310.1016/j.carbon.2020.05.023 ↗
55. 10.1063/5.021627210.1063/5.0216272 ↗
56. 10.1016/j.cej.2022.13510810.1016/j.cej.2022.135108 ↗
57. 10.1016/j.cej.2022.13844110.1016/j.cej.2022.138441 ↗
58. 10.1021/cm901522210.1021/cm9015222 ↗
59. 10.1039/C8CS00581H10.1039/C8CS00581H ↗
60. 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.08.09010.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.08.090 ↗
61. 10.1002/anie.20191672910.1002/anie.201916729 ↗
62. 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b0026310.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00263 ↗
63. 10.1016/j.jcis.2025.13759210.1016/j.jcis.2025.137592 ↗
64. 10.1021/acsami.4c2292810.1021/acsami.4c22928 ↗
65. 10.1021/acsaem.4c0322210.1021/acsaem.4c03222 ↗
66. 10.1002/smll.20240027810.1002/smll.202400278 ↗
67. 10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.17163610.1016/j.jallcom.2023.171636 ↗
68. 10.1016/j.cej.2023.14552810.1016/j.cej.2023.145528 ↗
69. 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c0449810.1021/acssuschemeng.1c04498 ↗
70. 10.1016/j.solmat.2020.11066110.1016/j.solmat.2020.110661 ↗
71. 10.1039/D0CC00690D10.1039/D0CC00690D ↗
72. 10.1039/C8TA04465A10.1039/C8TA04465A ↗
73. 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.10.03610.1016/j.electacta.2017.10.036 ↗