Multi-scale synergic optimization strategy for dielectric energy storage ceramics

Dielectric capacitors, serving as the indispensable components in advanced high-power energy storage devices, have attracted ever-increasing attention with the rapid development of science and technology. Among various dielectric capacitors, ceramic capacitors with perovskite structures show unique advantages in actual application, e.g., excellent adaptability in high-temperature environments. And the optimization of their energy storage performance has become a hot research topic recently. This review presents the basic principles of energy storage in dielectric ceramics and introduces multi-scale synergic optimization strategies according to the key factors for superior energy storage performance. By summarizing the common points in numerous works, several universal modification strategies are reviewed, and future research on fatigue fracture of ceramic capacitors under multi-field including but not limited to force, electric, and thermal coupling conditions is also anticipated.