Effect of anti-solvent mixture on the performance of perovskite solar cells and suppression hysteresis behavior

Abstract Mixture of anti-solvents plays a decisive factor on the preparation of active layers for perovskite photovoltaic applications. This work explores the perovskite precursor treatment with various mixture of anti-solvents, in which it, not only improves in the surface morphology, but also enhances the crystallinity of the CH3NH3PbI3active layer. The toluene mixed with dichlorobenzene in a volume ratio of 1:1 has the best power conversion efficiency of 18.01%. It is also observed that adding certain amount of [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester into the anti-solvent mixture can significantly improve the PCE of PSC by 6%, enhancing the passivation of grain boundary. Moreover, such procedure uses in p-i-n plane perovskite solar cell preparation is applicable to n-i-p stacking mesoporous perovskite solar cell. These perovskite active layer, prepare via this approach, are highly crystalline as well as homogeneous in nature with appropriate grain boundaries.