Superposition of semiconductor and semi-metal properties of self-assembled 2D SnTiS3 heterostructures
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract Two-dimensional metal dichalcogenide/monochalcogenide thin flakes have attracted much attention owing to their remarkable electronic and electrochemical properties; however, chemical instability limits their applications. Chemical vapor transport (CVT)-synthesized SnTiS3 thin flakes exhibit misfit heterojunction structure and are highly stable in ambient conditions, offering a great opportunity to exploit the properties of two distinct constituent materials: semiconductor SnS and semi-metal TiS2. We demonstrated that in addition to a metal-like electrical conductivity of 921 S/cm, the SnTiS3 thin flakes exhibit a strong bandgap emission at 1.9 eV, owing to the weak van der Waals interaction within the misfit-layer stackings. Our work shows that the misfit heterojunction structure preserves the electronic properties and lattice vibrations of the individual constituent monolayers and thus holds the promise to bridge the bandgap and carrier mobility discrepancy between graphene and recently established 2D transition metal dichalcogenide materials. Moreover, we also present a way to identify the top layer of SnTiS3 misfit compound layers and their related work function, which is essential for deployment of van der Waals misfit layers in future optoelectronic devices.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: 2D Materials and Applications · MXene and MAX Phase Materials · Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (37)
Show source-provided references
1. Bhimanapati, G. R. et al. Recent advances in two-dimensional materials beyond graphene. ACS Nano 9, 11509–11539 (2015).10.1021/acsnano.5b05556 ↗
2. Pop, E. et al. In 2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO), Pittsburgh, USA 916–917.
3. Ge, Y. et al. Broadband nonlinear photoresponse of 2D TiS2 for ultrashort pulse generation and all-optical thresholding devices. Adv. Opt. Mater. 6, 1701166 (2018).10.1002/adom.201701166 ↗
4. Tian, Z., Guo, C., Zhao, M., Li, R. & Xue, J. Two-dimensional SnS: a phosphorene analogue with strong in-plane electronic anisotropy. ACS Nano 11, 2219–2226 (2017).10.1021/acsnano.6b08704 ↗
5. Tao, H. et al. TiS(2) as an advanced conversion electrode for sodium-ion batteries with ultra-high capacity and long-cycle life. Adv. Sci. 5, 1801021–1801021 (2018).10.1002/advs.201801021 ↗
6. Muller, G. A., Cook, J. B., Kim, H.-S., Tolbert, S. H. & Dunn, B. High performance pseudocapacitor based on 2D layered metal chalcogenide nanocrystals. Nano Lett. 15, 1911–1917 (2015).10.1021/nl504764m ↗
7. Huckaba, A. J. et al. Low-cost TiS2 as hole-transport material for perovskite solar cells. Small Methods 1, 1700250 (2017).10.1002/smtd.201700250 ↗
8. Brent, J. R. et al. Tin(II) sulfide (SnS) nanosheets by liquid-phase exfoliation of herzenbergite: IV–VI main group two-dimensional atomic crystals. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 137, 12689–12696 (2015).10.1021/jacs.5b08236 ↗
9. Higashitarumizu, N. et al. Self-passivated ultra-thin SnS layers via mechanical exfoliation and post-oxidation. Nanoscale 10, 22474–22483 (2018).10.1039/C8NR06390G ↗
10. Vega-Mayoral, V. et al. Solvent exfoliation stabilizes TiS2 nanosheets against oxidation, facilitating lithium storage applications. Nanoscale 11, 6206–6216 (2019).10.1039/C8NR09446B ↗
11. Tamalampudi, S. R. et al. Thickness-dependent resonant Raman and E’ photoluminescence spectra of indium selenide and indium selenide/graphene heterostructures. J. Phys. Chem. C 123, 15345–15353 (2019).10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b03457 ↗
12. Purdie, D. G. et al. Cleaning interfaces in layered materials heterostructures. Nat. Commun. 9, 5387 (2018).10.1038/s41467-018-07558-3 ↗
13. Burzurí, E. et al. Simultaneous assembly of van der Waals heterostructures into multiple nanodevices. Nanoscale 10, 7966–7970 (2018).10.1039/C8NR01045E ↗
14. Ryu, Y. K., Frisenda, R. & Castellanos-Gomez, A. Superlattices based on van der Waals 2D materials. Chem. Commun. 55, 11498–11510 (2019).10.1039/C9CC04919C ↗
15. Fang, C., de Groot, R. A., Wiegers, G. A. & Haas, C. Electronic structure of the misfit layer compound (SnS)1.20TiS2: band structure calculations and photoelectron spectra. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 8, 1663–1667 (1996).10.1088/0953-8984/8/11/011 ↗
16. Lorenz, T., Joswig, J.-O. & Seifert, G. Two-dimensional and tubular structures of misfit compounds: structural and electronic properties. Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 5, 2171–2178 (2014).10.3762/bjnano.5.226 ↗
17. Merrill, D. R., Moore, D. B., Bauers, S. R., Falmbigl, M. & Johnson, D. C. Misfit layer compounds and ferecrystals: model systems for thermoelectric nanocomposites. Materials 8, 2000–2029 (2015).10.3390/ma8042000 ↗
18. Wan, C., Wang, Y., Wang, N. & Koumoto, K. Low-thermal-conductivity (MS)(1+x)(TiS(2))(2) (M = Pb, Bi, Sn) misfit layer compounds for bulk thermoelectric materials. Materials 3, 2606–2617 (2010).10.3390/ma3042606 ↗
19. Sankar, R. et al. Superconductivity in a misfit layered (SnS)1.15(TaS2) compound. Chem. Mater. 30, 1373–1378 (2018).10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b04998 ↗
20. Hernán, L., Lavela, P., Morales, J., Sánchez, L. & Tirado, J. L. Intercalation of n-alkylamines into misfit layer sulfides. J. Mater. Chem. 6, 861–866 (1996).10.1039/JM9960600861 ↗
21. Lin, S. et al. Accessing valley degree of freedom in bulk Tin(II) sulfide at room temperature. Nat. Commun. 9, 1455 (2018).10.1038/s41467-018-03897-3 ↗
22. Wiegers, G. A., Meetsma, A., Boer, J. L. D., Smaalen, S. V. & Haange, R. J. X-ray crystal structure determination of the triclinic misfit layer compound (SnS)1.20TiS2. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 3, 2603–2612 (1991).10.1088/0953-8984/3/16/001 ↗
23. Ettema, A. R. H. F., Wiegers, G. A., Haas, C. & Turner, T. S. Resonant and core level photoemission spectroscopy of the misfit layer compound (SnS)1.20TiS2. Phys. Scr. T41, 265–268 (1992).10.1088/0031-8949/1992/T41/047 ↗
24. Raadik, T., Grossberg, M., Raudoja, J., Traksmaa, R. & Krustok, J. Temperature-dependent photoreflectance of SnS crystals. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 74, 1683–1685 (2013).10.1016/j.jpcs.2013.06.002 ↗
25. Hawkins, C. G. & Whittaker-Brooks, L. Vertically oriented TiS2−x nanobelt arrays as binder- and carbon-free intercalation electrodes for Li- and Na-based energy storage devices. J. Mater. Chem. A 6, 21949–21960 (2018).10.1039/C8TA05645E ↗
26. Barriga, C., Lavela, P., Morales, J. & Tirado, J. L. Chemical and electrochemical intercalation of lithium into SnTiS3 and BiTi2S5 misfit layer compounds. Solid State Ionics 63–65, 450–456 (1993).10.1016/0167-2738(93)90143-Q ↗
27. Park, T. H. et al. Shape-adaptable 2D titanium carbide (MXene) heater. ACS Nano 13, 6835–6844 (2019).10.1021/acsnano.9b01602 ↗
28. Velický, M. et al. Exfoliation of natural van der Waals heterostructures to a single unit cell thickness. Nat. Commun. 8, 14410 (2017).10.1038/ncomms14410 ↗
29. Deb, A. K. & Kumar, V. Bandgap engineering in semiconducting one to few layers of SnS and SnSe. Phys. Status Solidi (B) 254, 1600379 (2017).10.1002/pssb.201600379 ↗
30. Alfakes, B. et al. Optoelectronic tunability of Hf-doped ZnO for photovoltaic applications. J. Phys. Chem. C. 123, 15258–15266 (2019).10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b02253 ↗
31. Tamalampudi, S. R. et al. Rapid discrimination of chemically distinctive surface terminations in 2D material based heterostructures by direct van der Waals identification. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 91, 023907 (2020).10.1063/1.5128756 ↗
32. Amadei, C. A., Santos, S., Pehkonen, S. O., Verdaguer, A. & Chiesa, M. Minimal invasiveness and spectroscopy-like footprints for the characterization of heterogeneous nanoscale wetting in ambient conditions. J. Phys. Chem. C 117, 20819–20825 (2013).10.1021/jp408984h ↗
33. Santos, S. et al. A method to provide rapid in situ determination of tip radius in dynamic atomic force microscopy. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 043707 (2012).10.1063/1.4704376 ↗
34. Plummer, A., Tang, T.-C., Lai, C.-Y. & Chiesa, M. Nanoscale hydrophilicity studies of Gulf Parrotfish (Scarus persicus) scales. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 6, 16320–16326 (2014).10.1021/am504568w ↗
35. Sader, J. E. & Jarvis, S. P. Accurate formulas for interaction force and energy in frequency modulation force spectroscopy. Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 1801–1803 (2004).10.1063/1.1667267 ↗
36. Sader, J. E. et al. Quantitative force measurements using frequency modulation atomic force microscopy?theoretical foundations. Nanotechnology 16, S94–S101 (2005).10.1088/0957-4484/16/3/018 ↗
37. Rajput, N. S. et al. Electron beam induced rapid crystallization of water splitting nanostructures. MRS Adv. 1, 825–830 (2015).10.1557/adv.2015.20 ↗