journal article·2023-12Open access

Advances in the Application of Perovskite Materials

Lixiu Zhang, Luyao Mei, Kaiyang Wang, Yinhua Lv, Shuai Zhang, Yaxiao Lian, Xiaoke Liu, Zhiwei Ma, Guanjun Xiao, Qiang Liu, Shuaibo Zhai, Shengli Zhang, Gengling Liu, Ligang Yuan, Bingbing Guo, Ziming Chen, Keyu Wei, Aqiang Liu, Shizhong Yue, Guangda Niu, Xiyan Pan, Jie Sun, Yong Hua, Wu-Qiang Wu, Dawei Di, Baodan Zhao, Jianjun Tian, Zhijie Wang, Yang Yang, Liang Chu, Mingjian Yuan, Haibo Zeng, Hin-Lap Yip, Keyou Yan, Wentao Xu, Lu Zhu, Wenhua Zhang, Guichuan Xing, Feng Gao, Liming Ding

Nano-Micro Letters· Volume 15· Issue 1

Abstract

Abstract Nowadays, the soar of photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells has set off a fever in the study of metal halide perovskite materials. The excellent optoelectronic properties and defect tolerance feature allow metal halide perovskite to be employed in a wide variety of applications. This article provides a holistic review over the current progress and future prospects of metal halide perovskite materials in representative promising applications, including traditional optoelectronic devices (solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, lasers), and cutting-edge technologies in terms of neuromorphic devices (artificial synapses and memristors) and pressure-induced emission. This review highlights the fundamentals, the current progress and the remaining challenges for each application, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the development status and a navigation of future research for metal halide perovskite materials and devices.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Perovskite Materials and Applications · Conducting polymers and applications · Advanced Memory and Neural Computing

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (100+)

Show source-provided references
1. M. Jeong, I.W. Choi, E.M. Go, Y. Cho, M. Kim et al., Stable perovskite solar cells with efficiency exceeding 24.8% and 0.3 V voltage loss. Science 369, 1615 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb716710.1126/science.abb7167 ↗
2. J. Jeong, M. Kim, J. Seo, H. Lu, P. Ahlawat et al., Pseudo-halide anion engineering for α-FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells. Nature 592, 381–385 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03406-510.1038/s41586-021-03406-5 ↗
3. H. Min, D.Y. Lee, J. Kim, G. Kim, K.S. Lee et al., Perovskite solar cells with atomically coherent interlayers on SnO2 electrodes. Nature 598, 444–450 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03964-810.1038/s41586-021-03964-8 ↗
4. Z. Liu, W. Qiu, X. Peng, G. Sun, X. Liu et al., Perovskite light-emitting diodes with EQE exceeding 28% through a synergetic dual-additive strategy for defect passivation and nanostructure regulation. Adv. Mater. 33, 2103268 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20210326810.1002/adma.202103268 ↗
5. T. Chiba, Y. Hayashi, H. Ebe, K. Hoshi, J. Sato et al., Anion-exchange red perovskite quantum dots with ammonium iodine salts for highly efficient light-emitting devices. Nat. Photonics 12, 681–687 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-018-0260-y10.1038/s41566-018-0260-y ↗
6. L. Zhu, H. Cao, C. Xue, H. Zhang, M. Qin et al., Unveiling the additive-assisted oriented growth of perovskite crystallite for high performance light-emitting diodes. Nat. Commun. 12, 5081 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25407-810.1038/s41467-021-25407-8 ↗
7. J.S. Kim, J.-M. Heo, G.-S. Park, S.-J. Woo, C. Cho et al., Ultra-bright, efficient and stable perovskite light-emitting diodes. Nature 611, 688–694 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05304-w10.1038/s41586-022-05304-w ↗
8. X. Zhan, X. Zhang, Z. Liu, C. Chen, L. Kong et al., Boosting the performance of self-powered CsPbCl3-based UV photodetectors by a sequential vapor-deposition strategy and heterojunction engineering. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 13, 45744–45757 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c1501310.1021/acsami.1c15013 ↗
9. L.H. Zeng, Q.M. Chen, Z.X. Zhang, D. Wu, H. Yuan et al., Multilayered PdSe2/perovskite schottky junction for fast, self-powered, polarization-sensitive, broadband photodetectors, and image sensor application. Adv. Sci. 6, 1901134 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.20190113410.1002/advs.201901134 ↗
10. L. Dou, Y. Yang, J. You, Z. Hong, W.-H. Chang et al., Solution-processed hybrid perovskite photodetectors with high detectivity. Nat. Commun. 5, 5404 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms640410.1038/ncomms6404 ↗
11. S. Deumel, A. van Breemen, G. Gelinck, B. Peeters, J. Maas et al., High-sensitivity high-resolution X-ray imaging with soft-sintered metal halide perovskites. Nat. Electron. 4, 681–688 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-021-00644-310.1038/s41928-021-00644-3 ↗
12. Y. He, I. Hadar, M.G. Kanatzidis, Detecting ionizing radiation using halide perovskite semiconductors processed through solution and alternative methods. Nat. Photonics 16, 14–26 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-021-00909-510.1038/s41566-021-00909-5 ↗
13. C. Qin, A.S.D. Sandanayaka, C. Zhao, T. Matsushima, D. Zhang et al., Stable room-temperature continuous-wave lasing in quasi-2D perovskite films. Nature 585, 53–57 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2621-110.1038/s41586-020-2621-1 ↗
14. C. Huang, C. Zhang, S. Xiao, Y. Wang, Y. Fan et al., Ultrafast control of vortex microlasers. Science 367, 1018–1021 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba459710.1126/science.aba4597 ↗
15. Y. Park, S.H. Kim, D. Lee, J.-S. Lee, Designing zero-dimensional dimer-type all-inorganic perovskites for ultra-fast switching memory. Nat. Commun. 12, 3527 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23871-w10.1038/s41467-021-23871-w ↗
16. J. Choi, J.S. Han, K. Hong, S.Y. Kim, H.W. Jang, Organic–inorganic hybrid halide perovskites for memories, transistors, and artificial synapses. Adv. Mater. 30, 1704002 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20170400210.1002/adma.201704002 ↗
17. R.A. John, N. Yantara, Y.F. Ng, G. Narasimman, E. Mosconi et al., Ionotronic halide perovskite drift-diffusive synapses for low-power neuromorphic computation. Adv. Mater. 30, 1805454 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20180545410.1002/adma.201805454 ↗
18. D. Zhao, G. Xiao, Z. Liu, L. Sui, K. Yuan et al., Harvesting cool daylight in hybrid organic–inorganic halides microtubules through the reservation of pressure-induced emission. Adv. Mater. 33, 2100323 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20210032310.1002/adma.202100323 ↗
19. R. Fu, W. Zhao, L. Wang, Z. Ma, G. Xiao et al., Pressure-induced emission toward harvesting cold white light from warm white light. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 60, 10082–10088 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.20201539510.1002/anie.202015395 ↗
20. D. Lu, C. Xu, Y. Zhong, J. Dong, X. He et al., The effect of the effective electron mass on the hot electron collection. DeCarbon (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.decarb.2023.10000210.1016/j.decarb.2023.100002 ↗
21. H.L. Wells, Über die cäsium- und kalium-bleihalogenide. Z. Anorg. Chem. 3, 195–210 (1893). https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.1893003012410.1002/zaac.18930030124 ↗
22. M. Era, S. Morimoto, T. Tsutsui, S. Saito, Organic-inorganic heterostructure electroluminescent device using a layered perovskite semiconductor (C6H5C2H4NH3)2PbI4. Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 676–678 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.11226510.1063/1.112265 ↗
23. C.R. Kagan, D.B. Mitzi, C.D. Dimitrakopoulos, Organic-inorganic hybrid materials as semiconducting channels in thin-film field-effect transistors. Science 286, 945–947 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.286.5441.94510.1126/science.286.5441.945 ↗
24. A. Kojima, K. Teshima, Y. Shirai, T. Miyasaka, Organometal halide perovskites as visible-light sensitizers for photovoltaic cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 6050 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1021/ja809598r10.1021/ja809598r ↗
25. National renewable energy laboratory. Best research-cell effiencies. 2022(8).
26. Z.-K. Tan, R.S. Moghaddam, M.L. Lai, P. Docampo, R. Higler et al., Bright light-emitting diodes based on organometal halide perovskite. Nat. Nanotechnol. 9, 687–692 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2014.14910.1038/nnano.2014.149 ↗
27. N.C. Giebink, G.P. Wiederrecht, M.R. Wasielewski, S.R. Forrest, Thermodynamic efficiency limit of excitonic solar cells. Phys. Rev. B 83, 195326 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.83.19532610.1103/PhysRevB.83.195326 ↗
28. M.A. Green, E.D. Dunlop, G. Siefer, M. Yoshita, N. Kopidakis et al., Solar cell efficiency tables (version 61) (accessed: 2022). Prog. Photovoltaics Res. Appl. 31, 3–16 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.364610.1002/pip.3646 ↗
29. G.E. Eperon, S.D. Stranks, C. Menelaou, M.B. Johnston, L.M. Herz et al., Formamidinium lead trihalide: a broadly tunable perovskite for efficient planar heterojunction solar cells. Energy Environ Sci. 7, 982–988 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ee43822h10.1039/c3ee43822h ↗
30. J.-W. Lee, D.-H. Kim, H.-S. Kim, S.-W. Seo, S.M. Cho et al., Formamidinium and cesium hybridization for photo- and moisture-stable perovskite solar cell. Adv. Energy Mater. 5, 1501310 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.20150131010.1002/aenm.201501310 ↗
31. G. Mannino, I. Deretzis, E. Smecca, A. La Magna, A. Alberti et al., Temperature-dependent optical band gap in CsPbBr3, MAPbBr3, and FAPbBr3 single crystals. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 11, 2490–2496 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c0029510.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00295 ↗
32. C.C. Stoumpos, C.D. Malliakas, M.G. Kanatzidis, Semiconducting tin and lead iodide perovskites with organic cations: phase transitions, high mobilities, and near-infrared photoluminescent properties. Inorg. Chem. 52, 9019–9038 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1021/ic401215x10.1021/ic401215x ↗
33. C. Liu, Y. Yang, O.A. Syzgantseva, Y. Ding, M.A. Syzgantseva et al., Α-CsPbI3 bilayers via one-step deposition for efficient and stable all-inorganic perovskite solar cells. Adv. Mater. 32, e2002632 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20200263210.1002/adma.202002632 ↗
34. L.A. Frolova, D.V. Anokhin, A.A. Piryazev, S.Y. Luchkin, N.N. Dremova et al., Highly efficient all-inorganic planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells produced by thermal coevaporation of CsI and PbI2. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 8, 67–72 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b0259410.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02594 ↗
35. Y. Hu, F. Bai, X. Liu, Q. Ji, X. Miao et al., Bismuth incorporation stabilized α-CsPbI3 for fully inorganic perovskite solar cells. ACS Energy Lett. 2, 2219–2227 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.7b0050810.1021/acsenergylett.7b00508 ↗
36. T. Wu, Y. Wang, Z. Dai, D. Cui, T. Wang et al., Efficient and stable CsPbI3 solar cells via regulating lattice distortion with surface organic terminal groups. Adv. Mater. 31, 1900605 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20190060510.1002/adma.201900605 ↗
37. Y. Wang, T. Zhang, M. Kan, Y. Li, T. Wang et al., Efficient α- CsPbI3 photovoltaics with surface terminated organic cations. Joule 2, 2065–2075 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.06.01310.1016/j.joule.2018.06.013 ↗
38. S. Tan, B. Yu, Y. Cui, F. Meng, C. Huang et al., Temperature-reliable low-dimensional perovskites passivated black-phase CsPbI3 toward stable and efficient photovoltaics. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 61, e202201300 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.20220130010.1002/anie.202201300 ↗
39. Z. Li, B. Li, X. Wu, S.A. Sheppard, S. Zhang et al., Organometallic-functionalized interfaces for highly efficient inverted perovskite solar cells. Science 376, 416–420 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abm856610.1126/science.abm8566 ↗
40. J. Park, J. Kim, H.-S. Yun, M.J. Paik, E. Noh et al., Controlled growth of perovskite layers with volatile alkylammonium chlorides. Nature 616, 724–730 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-05825-y10.1038/s41586-023-05825-y ↗
41. W.Q. Wu, J.F. Liao, J.X. Zhong, Y.F. Xu, L. Wang et al., Suppressing interfacial charge recombination in electron-transport-layer-free perovskite solar cells to give an efficiency exceeding 21%. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 132, 21166–21173 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.20200568010.1002/ange.202005680 ↗
42. Q. Jiang, Y. Zhao, X. Zhang, X. Yang, Y. Chen et al., Surface passivation of perovskite film for efficient solar cells. Nat. Photonics 13, 460–466 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-019-0398-210.1038/s41566-019-0398-2 ↗
43. Y. Lv, R. Yuan, B. Cai, B. Bahrami, A.H. Chowdhury et al., High‐efficiency perovskite solar cells enabled by anatase TiO2 nanopyramid arrays with an oriented electric field. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59, 11969–11976 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.20191592810.1002/anie.201915928 ↗
44. W.-Q. Wu, Q. Wang, Y. Fang, Y. Shao, S. Tang et al., Molecular doping enabled scalable blading of efficient hole-transport-layer-free perovskite solar cells. Nat. Commun. 9, 1625 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04028-810.1038/s41467-018-04028-8 ↗
45. S. Liu, D. Zhang, Y. Sheng, W. Zhang, Z. Qin et al., Highly oriented MAPbI3 crystals for efficient hole-conductor-free printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells. Fundam Res. 2, 276–283 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fmre.2021.09.00810.1016/j.fmre.2021.09.008 ↗
46. T. Tian, J.-X. Zhong, M. Yang, W. Feng, C. Zhang et al., Interfacial linkage and carbon encapsulation enable full solution-printed perovskite photovoltaics with prolonged lifespan. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 60, 23735–23742 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.20210849510.1002/anie.202108495 ↗
47. X. Yang, Q. Li, Y. Zheng, D. Luo, Y. Zhang et al., Perovskite hetero-bilayer for efficient charge-transport-layer-free solar cells. Joule 6, 1277–1289 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2022.04.01210.1016/j.joule.2022.04.012 ↗
48. M. Kim, J. Jeong, H. Lu, T.K. Lee, F.T. Eickemeyer et al., Conformal quantum dot- SnO2 layers as electron transporters for efficient perovskite solar cells. Science 375, 302–306 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh188510.1126/science.abh1885 ↗
49. J. Peng, D. Walter, Y. Ren, M. Tebyetekerwa, Y. Wu et al., Nanoscale localized contacts for high fill factors in polymer-passivated perovskite solar cells. Science 371, 390–395 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abb868710.1126/science.abb8687 ↗
50. W. Chen, Y. Wu, Y. Yue, J. Liu, W. Zhang et al., Efficient and stable large-area perovskite solar cells with inorganic charge extraction layers. Science 350, 944–948 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad101510.1126/science.aad1015 ↗
51. J.Y. Jeng, Y.F. Chiang, M.H. Lee, S.R. Peng, T.F. Guo et al., CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite/fullerene planar-heterojunction hybrid solar cells. Adv. Mater. 25, 3727–3732 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20130132710.1002/adma.201301327 ↗
52. S. Cacovich, G. Vidon, M. Degani, M. Legrand, L. Gouda et al., Imaging and quantifying non-radiative losses at 23% efficient inverted perovskite solar cells interfaces. Nat. Commun. 13, 2868 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30426-010.1038/s41467-022-30426-0 ↗
53. R. Azmi, E. Ugur, A. Seitkhan, F. Aljamaan, A.S. Subbiah et al., Damp heat–stable perovskite solar cells with tailored-dimensionality 2D/3D heterojunctions. Science 376, 73–77 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abm578410.1126/science.abm5784 ↗
54. F. Sadegh, S. Akin, M. Moghadam, R. Keshavarzi, V. Mirkhani et al., Copolymer-templated nickel oxide for high-efficiency mesoscopic perovskite solar cells in inverted architecture. Adv. Funct. Mater. 31, 2102237 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.20210223710.1002/adfm.202102237 ↗
55. Y. Chen, Z. Yang, S. Wang, X. Zheng, Y. Wu et al., Design of an inorganic mesoporous hole-transporting layer for highly efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells. Adv. Mater. 30, 1805660 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20180566010.1002/adma.201805660 ↗
56. Y. Chen, W. Tang, Y. Wu, X. Yu, J. Yang et al., Reducing carrier transport barrier in anode interface enables efficient and stable inverted mesoscopic methylammonium-free perovskite solar cells. Chem. Eng. J. 425, 131499 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.13149910.1016/j.cej.2021.131499 ↗
57. Y. Ding, B. Ding, H. Kanda, O.J. Usiobo, T. Gallet et al., Single-crystalline TiO2 nanoparticles for stable and efficient perovskite modules. Nat. Nanotechnol. 17, 598–605 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-022-01108-110.1038/s41565-022-01108-1 ↗
58. J. Peng, F. Kremer, D. Walter, Y. Wu, Y. Ji et al., Centimetre-scale perovskite solar cells with fill factors of more than 86 per cent. Nature 601, 573–578 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04216-510.1038/s41586-021-04216-5 ↗
59. T. Leijtens, G.E. Eperon, S. Pathak, A. Abate, M.M. Lee et al., Overcoming ultraviolet light instability of sensitized TiO2 with meso-superstructured organometal tri-halide perovskite solar cells. Nat. Commun. 4, 2885 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms388510.1038/ncomms3885 ↗
60. L. Xiong, J. Li, F. Ye, H. Wang, Y. Guo et al., Bifunctional SnO2 colloid offers no annealing effect compact layer and mesoporous scaffold for efficient perovskite solar cells. Adv. Funct. Mater. 31, 2103949 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.20210394910.1002/adfm.202103949 ↗
61. K. Mahmood, B.S. Swain, H.S. Jung, Controlling the surface nanostructure of ZnO and Al-doped ZnO thin films using electrostatic spraying for their application in 12% efficient perovskite solar cells. Nanoscale 6, 9127–9138 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1039/c4nr02065k10.1039/c4nr02065k ↗
62. S.S. Mali, C. Su Shim, C. Kook Hong, Highly porous zinc stannate (Zn2SnO4) nanofibers scaffold photoelectrodes for efficient methyl ammonium halide perovskite solar cells. Sci. Rep. 5, 11424 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep1142410.1038/srep11424 ↗
63. L.Z. Zhu, J.J. Ye, X.H. Zhang, H.Y. Zheng, G.Z. Liu et al., Performance enhancement of perovskite solar cells using a La-doped BaSnO3 electron transport layer. J. Mater. Chem. A 5, 3675–3682 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ta09689a10.1039/c6ta09689a ↗
64. A. Bera, K. Wu, A. Sheikh, E. Alarousu, O.F. Mohammed et al., Perovskite oxide SrTiO3 as an efficient electron transporter for hybrid perovskite solar cells. J. Phys. Chem. C 118, 28494–28501 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1021/jp509753p10.1021/jp509753p ↗
65. H. Tan, A. Jain, O. Voznyy, X. Lan, F.P. Garcia de Arquer et al., Efficient and stable solution-processed planar perovskite solar cells via contact passivation. Science 355, 722–726 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aai908110.1126/science.aai9081 ↗
66. J.P.C. Baena, L. Steier, W. Tress, M. Saliba, S. Neutzner et al., Highly efficient planar perovskite solar cells through band alignment engineering. Energy Environ. Sci. 8, 2928–2934 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ee02608c10.1039/c5ee02608c ↗
67. R. Yuan, B. Cai, Y. Lv, X. Gao, J. Gu et al., Boosted charge extraction of NbOx-enveloped SnO2 nanocrystals enables 24% efficient planar perovskite solar cells. Energy Environ. Sci. 14, 5074–5083 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1039/D1EE01519B10.1039/D1EE01519B ↗
68. Z. Zheng, F. Li, J. Gong, Y. Ma, J. Gu et al., Pre-buried additive for cross-layer modification in flexible perovskite solar cells with efficiency exceeding 22%. Adv. Mater. 34, 2109879 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20210987910.1002/adma.202109879 ↗
69. Z. Xiong, X. Chen, B. Zhang, G.O. Odunmbaku, Z. Ou et al., Simultaneous interfacial modification and crystallization control by biguanide hydrochloride for stable perovskite solar cells with PCE of 24.4%. Adv. Mater. 34, 2106118 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20210611810.1002/adma.202106118 ↗
70. J. Qiu, Y. Qiu, K. Yan, M. Zhong, C. Mu, H. Yan, S. Yang, All-solid-state hybrid solar cells based on a new organometal halide perovskite sensitizer and one-dimensional TiO2 nanowire arrays. Nanoscale 5, 3245–3248 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1039/C3NR00218G10.1039/C3NR00218G ↗
71. X. Gao, J. Li, J. Baker, Y. Hou, D. Guan et al., Enhanced photovoltaic performance of perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 solar cells with freestanding TiO2 nanotube array films. Chem. Commun. 50, 6368–6371 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1039/c4cc01864h10.1039/c4cc01864h ↗
72. Y. Lv, P. Wang, B. Cai, Q. Ma, X. Zheng et al., Facile fabrication of SnO2 nanorod arrays films as electron transporting layer for perovskite solar cells. Sol. RRL 2, 1800133 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.20180013310.1002/solr.201800133 ↗
73. H. Sun, K. Deng, Y. Zhu, M. Liao, J. Xiong et al., A novel conductive mesoporous layer with a dynamic two-step deposition strategy boosts efficiency of perovskite solar cells to 20%. Adv. Mater. 30, 1801935 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20180193510.1002/adma.201801935 ↗
74. D. Zhong, B. Cai, X. Wang, Z. Yang, Y. Xing et al., Synthesis of oriented TiO2 nanocones with fast charge transfer for perovskite solar cells. Nano Energy 11, 409–418 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.11.01410.1016/j.nanoen.2014.11.014 ↗
75. L.V. Kayser, D.J. Lipomi, Stretchable conductive polymers and composites based on PEDOT and PEDOT:PSS. Adv. Mater. 31, e1806133 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20180613310.1002/adma.201806133 ↗
76. Y. Kim, E.H. Jung, G. Kim, D. Kim, B.J. Kim et al., Sequentially fluorinated PTAA polymers for enhancing Voc of high-performance perovskite solar cells. Adv. Energy Mater. 8, 1801668 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.20180166810.1002/aenm.201801668 ↗
77. R. Azmi, E. Ugur, A. Seitkhan, F. Aljamaan, A.S. Subbiah et al., Damp heat-stable perovskite solar cells with tailored-dimensionality 2D/3D heterojunctions. Science 376, 73–77 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abm578410.1126/science.abm5784 ↗
78. M. Li, H. Li, Q. Zhuang, D. He, B. Liu et al., Stabilizing perovskite precursor by synergy of Functional groups for NiOx -based inverted solar cells with 23.5% efficiency. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 61, e202206914 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.20220691410.1002/anie.202206914 ↗
79. K.-C. Wang, J.-Y. Jeng, P.-S. Shen, Y.-C. Chang, E.W.-G. Diau et al., P-type mesoscopic nickel oxide/organometallic perovskite heterojunction solar cells. Sci. Rep. 4, 4756 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep0475610.1038/srep04756 ↗
80. Y. Chen, Z. Yang, X. Jia, Y. Wu, N. Yuan et al., Thermally stable methylammonium-free inverted perovskite solar cells with Zn2+ doped CuGaO2 as efficient mesoporous hole-transporting layer. Nano Energy 61, 148–157 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.04.04210.1016/j.nanoen.2019.04.042 ↗
81. D. Li, L. Chao, C. Chen, X. Ran, Y. Wang et al., In situ interface engineering for highly efficient electron-transport-layer-free perovskite solar cells. Nano Lett. 20, 5799–5806 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c0168910.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01689 ↗
82. W. Kong, W. Li, C. Liu, H. Liu, J. Miao et al., Organic monomolecular layers enable energy-level matching for efficient hole transporting layer free inverted perovskite solar cells. ACS Nano 13, 1625–1634 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b0762710.1021/acsnano.8b07627 ↗
83. Y. Wu, L. Wan, S. Fu, W. Zhang, X. Li et al., Liquid metal acetate assisted preparation of high-efficiency and stable inverted perovskite solar cells. J. Mater. Chem. A 7, 14136–14144 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1039/C9TA04192C10.1039/C9TA04192C ↗
84. S. Ye, H. Rao, Z. Zhao, L. Zhang, H. Bao et al., A breakthrough efficiency of 19.9% obtained in inverted perovskite solar cells by using an efficient trap state passivator Cu(thiourea)I. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 139, 7504–7512 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b0143910.1021/jacs.7b01439 ↗
85. L. Fagiolari, F. Bella, Carbon-based materials for stable, cheaper and large-scale processable perovskite solar cells. Energy Environ. Sci. 12, 3437–3472 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1039/C9EE02115A10.1039/C9EE02115A ↗
86. A. Mei, X. Li, L. Liu, Z. Ku, T. Liu et al., A hole-conductor-free, fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cell with high stability. Science 345, 295–298 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.125476310.1126/science.1254763 ↗
87. X. Chen, Y. Xia, Q. Huang, Z. Li, A. Mei et al., Tailoring the dimensionality of hybrid perovskites in mesoporous carbon electrodes for type-II band alignment and enhanced performance of printable hole-conductor-free perovskite solar cells. Adv. Energy Mater. 11, 2100292 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.20210029210.1002/aenm.202100292 ↗
88. J. Du, C. Qiu, S. Li, W. Zhang, W. Zhang et al., Minimizing the voltage loss in hole-conductor-free printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells. Adv. Energy Mater. 12, 2102229 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.20210222910.1002/aenm.202102229 ↗
89. L. Zhao, K. Roh, S. Kacmoli, K. Al Kurdi, S. Jhulki et al., Thermal management enables bright and stable perovskite light-emitting diodes. Adv. Mater. 32, 2000752 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20200075210.1002/adma.202000752 ↗
90. H. Bu, C. He, Y. Xu, L. Xing, X. Liu et al., Emerging new-generation detecting and sensing of metal halide perovskites. Adv. Electron. Mater. 8, 2101204 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.20210120410.1002/aelm.202101204 ↗
91. Y.-H. Kim, Y. Zhai, H. Lu, X. Pan, C. Xiao et al., Chiral-induced spin selectivity enables a room-temperature spin light-emitting diode. Science 371, 1129–1133 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abf529110.1126/science.abf5291 ↗
92. Y. Cao, N. Wang, H. Tian, J. Guo, Y. Wei et al., Perovskite light-emitting diodes based on spontaneously formed submicrometre-scale structures. Nature 562, 249–253 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0576-210.1038/s41586-018-0576-2 ↗
93. B. Zhao, S. Bai, V. Kim, R. Lamboll, R. Shivanna et al., High-efficiency perovskite–polymer bulk heterostructure light-emitting diodes. Nat. Photonics 12, 783–789 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-018-0283-410.1038/s41566-018-0283-4 ↗
94. K. Lin, J. Xing, L.N. Quan, F.P.G. de Arquer, X. Gong et al., Perovskite light-emitting diodes with external quantum efficiency exceeding 20 per cent. Nature 562, 245–248 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0575-310.1038/s41586-018-0575-3 ↗
95. H. Cho, S.-H. Jeong, M.-H. Park, Y.-H. Kim, C. Wolf et al., Overcoming the electroluminescence efficiency limitations of perovskite light-emitting diodes. Science 350, 1222–1225 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aad181810.1126/science.aad1818 ↗
96. M. Yuan, L.N. Quan, R. Comin, G. Walters, R. Sabatini et al., Perovskite energy funnels for efficient light-emitting diodes. Nat. Nanotechnol. 11, 872–877 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2016.11010.1038/nnano.2016.110 ↗
97. N. Wang, L. Cheng, R. Ge, S. Zhang, Y. Miao et al., Perovskite light-emitting diodes based on solution-processed self-organized multiple quantum wells. Nat. Photonics 10, 699–704 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2016.18510.1038/nphoton.2016.185 ↗
98. M. Ban, Y. Zou, J.P.H. Rivett, Y. Yang, T.H. Thomas et al., Solution-processed perovskite light emitting diodes with efficiency exceeding 15% through additive-controlled nanostructure tailoring. Nat. Commun. 9, 3892 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06425-510.1038/s41467-018-06425-5 ↗
99. Z. Chu, Y. Zhao, F. Ma, C.-X. Zhang, H. Deng et al., Large cation ethylammonium incorporated perovskite for efficient and spectra stable blue light-emitting diodes. Nat. Commun. 11, 4165 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17943-610.1038/s41467-020-17943-6 ↗
100. J. Song, J. Li, X. Li, L. Xu, Y. Dong et al., Quantum dot light-emitting diodes based on inorganic perovskite cesium lead halides (CsPbX3). Adv. Mater. 27, 7162–7167 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20150256710.1002/adma.201502567 ↗