Controlled Deposition of Lead Iodide and Lead Chloride Thin Films by Low-Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition
Source abstract
Abstract
Lead halide thin films, such as lead iodide (PbI2) and lead chloride (PbCl2), are used as precursor films for perovskite preparation, which is frequently achieved by vacuum thermal evaporation but rarely by the low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Here, we report on the deposition of PbI2 and PbCl2 thin films on glass substrates by employing the low-pressure CVD method. The effect of the substrate temperature on the structure and morphology of the lead halide films is investigated. Crystalline films were realized for both lead halides, with PbI2 films showing high texture compared to the reduced texture of the PbCl2 films. Large lateral grain sizes were observed for the PbI2 films with a flat platelet grain morphology and an average grain size up to 734.2 ± 144.8 nm. PbCl2 films have columnar grains with an average grain size up to 386.7 ± 119.5 nm. The PbI2 films showed a band gap of about 2.4 eV, confirming its semiconducting properties, and the PbCl2 had a wide band gap of 4.3 eV, which shows the insulating properties of this material.
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Research context
OpenAlex topics: Perovskite Materials and Applications · Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films · Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa
Materials Characterization, National Metrology Institute of South Africa, Private Bag X34, Lynnwood Ridge, Pretoria 0040, South Africa
Funding
National Research Foundation (ZA)
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