Recent Developments in Amyloid‐Based Electronic Materials: From Molecular Engineering to Biotechnology

Biomimetic molecular electronics has gained significant attention as proteins/peptides mediated charge transfer phenomenon in living systems plays vital role in the energy storage and conversion processes. Self‐assembly of proteins and peptides into filamentous aggregates known as amyloids have traditionally been considered as pathological, though recently been identified to play essential roles in all life forms. Realizing the functional roles of amyloids has directed the current research towards developing amyloid‐based advanced materials for a wide range of applications, including biomedicine, renewable energy, nanotechnology, and materials science. Specifically, the exceptional electrical properties and inherent biocompatibility of protein and peptide‐based materials have attracted significant interest as novel charge transport materials in bioelectronics. Amyloids possess additional advantages as building blocks in emerging electronic fields due to their precisely controlled fibrillar assemblies, tunable functionalities, superior mechanical strength, and high stability under severe conditions. Herein, we summarize the recent progress in amyloid‐based materials and devices in bioelectronics, including application in sensors, piezoelectric nanogenerators, electrodes, and semiconductors. Finally, we highlight the current challenges and necessary engineering breakthroughs, along with future perspectives for amyloid‐based bioelectronic materials and devices.