Recent Trends in Perovskite Quantum Dots‐Based S‐Scheme Photocatalysis for CO₂ Photoreduction

Perovskite quantum dots (PQDs)‐based S‐scheme heterojunctions are evolving as a cutting‐edge approach for driving effective CO₂ photoreduction, providing a sustainable way for addressing global energy needs as well as environmental challenges. This review paper delves into the progressions in PQD‐based S‐scheme heterojunctions, highlighting their exclusive synthesis methods, characterization techniques, photocatalytic mechanisms, catalytic efficiency, as well as potential applications. The S‐scheme junctions not only improve the spatial isolation of photogenerated charge carriers but also reserve high oxidation/reduction potentials, enabling efficient CO₂ photoreduction into value‐added CO and CH₄ products. Herein, the roles of lead‐based and lead‐free PQDs heterojunctions are classified, focusing on their synergistic integration with other catalytic materials, amended CO₂ adsorption, and higher stability under photocatalytic environments. Various challenges, long‐term durability, as well as scalability are also highlighted alongside future perspectives for enhancing structural design and exploring novel compositions. By scientifically bridging the gap between lead‐based efficacy and lead‐free sustainability, this paper highlights the transformative potential of PQDs‐based S‐scheme heterojunctions. These materials pave the pathway for advanced photoactive catalysts capable of addressing serious energy as well as environmental issues, fostering novelty in CO₂ reduction processes.