Fabrication and Structural Characterization of Large-Scale Uniform SnO₂ Nanowire Array Embedded in Anodic Alumina Membrane

Semiconductor SnO 2 nanowire arrays were fabricated by electrochemical deposition and thermal oxidizing methods based on highly ordered nanoporous alumina membrane. Their microstructures were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectrum, and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that the SnO 2 nanowire array with cassiterite polycrystalline structure is uniformly assembled into the hexagonally ordered nanochannels of anodic alumina membranes. There are three phases (Sn, SnO, and SnO 2 ) coexisting when the as-deposited assembly system is annealed at 823 K. However, only the SnO 2 cassiterite phase is detected when the assembly system is annealed at 923 K.