Evaluation of Color Characteristics, Color Gamut Range and Color Value of Tussah Silk Dyed with Three Natural Dyes and Their Binary Sequential Combination

To address the challenges of single-tone and narrow color gamut in fabrics dyed with natural dyes, this study employed Sappanwood, Amur cork tree, and plant indigo to conduct single-dye and binary sequential dyeing experiments on tussah silk fabrics. Dye solutions were extracted, and the dyeing results were analyzed based on color characteristic values (L*, a*, b*, C*, h°, and ∆E). The study evaluated the color characteristics, color gamut range, color fastness, and color value of six tones, constructed a nine-gamut color model, and assessed the color styles. The results indicated that single-dyeing and binary sequential dyeing methods produced 50 colors, 59% of which matched Pantone standards. By combining Sappanwood, Amur cork tree, and plant indigo, which form the bases of red, yellow, and blue, the colors were extended to orange, purple, and green, significantly enhancing the color gamut of natural dyes. The dyed fabrics achieved a color fastness of grade 3 or higher, meeting the standards for daily applications. This study confirmed the excellent compatibility of natural dyes and demonstrated that the binary sequential dyeing method provided technical support for the industrial development of natural dyes, significantly addressing the limitations in the color spectrum of natural dyeing.