Titanium and Titanium Alloys—From Raw Material to Semi‐finished Products

Abstract With a total of 0.6 %, titanium ranks fourth among metals, behind iron, aluminum, and magnesium, and ninth among all elements in the Earth’s crust. However, even today it has not yet lost the air of an exotic and expensive material. The majority of titanium is used as oxide (about 95 %) in the paint industry as whitener or filler material. Not many people are aware of the fact that titanium as oxide is part of everyday life, e.g., in toothpaste, white paint, sun blockers, etc. The main reason behind the late use of titanium as a metal is the difficult and costly reduction of oxide to metal.