Synthesis and characterization of Y (In, Mn) O3 blue pigment using the complex polymerization method (CPM)

Abstract In this paper, a new synthetic pathway is proposed for the system YIn1-xMnxO3, a bright blue inorganic pigment, discovered in 2009. Blue pigment samples with increasing concentration of Mn3+ (x = 0.08, 0.12 and 0.16) were prepared using the complex polymerization method (CPM) and compared with those synthesized via solid state reaction. All powders, the amorphous precursor from CPM and the starting materials for solid state method, were calcined at 1000, 1100, 1200 and 1300 °C for 12 h, and the resulting blue pigments were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), colorimetric system CIE L*a*b* and Near infrared (NIR) reflectance measurements. XRD patterns and Rietveld Refinement show that the lowest temperature at which single hexagonal phase (isostructural to YInO3) is formed is 1000 °C for CPM method and 1300 °C for conventional solid state method, respectively. The L*a*b* values demonstrate that the coloration of powders prepared by CPM exhibit temperature dependence below 1300 °C, a color shade shift from grayish blue to intense deep blue is observed when heating the samples from 1000 to 1300 °C. Blue pigments obtained by CPM have smaller particle size due to low temperatures and excellent near-infrared reflectance comparable to those by solid state method. Thus, providing advantages for application process and energy efficiency.