Intermediate phases formation during the synthesis of Bi4Ti3O12 by solid state reaction
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract In this work, the formation of Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 by solid state reaction from Bi 2 O 3 and TiO 2 starting powders has been studied. The Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 formation occurs through an intermediate Bi 12 TiO 20 sillenite phase formed at temperatures sligthly over 300 °C. This sillenite phase is stable up to ∼750 °C, but in the presence of TiO 2 reacts to form Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 at temperatures >500 °C. Raman spectroscopy has been used to evidence the amorphization of TiO 2 , demonstrating that the Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 formation occurs through the reaction of sillenite Bi 12 TiO 20 and TiO 2 .
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Research context
OpenAlex topics: Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials · Microwave Dielectric Ceramics Synthesis · Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics
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