High-performance phosphorus-modified SiO/C anode material for lithium ion batteries

Abstract The phosphorus-modified SiO/C (PSC) composite is successfully prepared by a facile solid-state sintering route. Low-cost and eco-friendly anthracite and red phosphorus are respectively used as carbon source and phosphorus source. The obtained PSC powders present an amorphous nature. The introduced P plays a bridge role between SiO particles and C to relieve the stripping of carbon layer from SiO particles during cycle. As an anode for lithium ion battery, compared with the sample (SC) without P-incorporation, the PSC electrode delivers a much higher initial charge capacity of 846.2 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and shows a better rate capability of 545.6 mA h g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 even after 300 cycles. The higher initial coulomb efficiency, larger reversible capacity and better cyclic performance are attributed to the early formation of SEI film, increased the electrical conductivity, improved structural stability and reduced charge transfer resistance.