Sequential oxygen and alkali intercalation of epitaxial graphene on Ir(111): enhanced many-body effects and formation of pn -interfaces

High quality epitaxial graphene films can be applied as templates for tailoring graphene–substrate interfaces that allow for precise control of the charge carrier behavior in graphene through doping and many-body effects. By combining scanning tunneling microscopy, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory we demonstrate that oxygen intercalated epitaxial graphene on Ir(111) has high structural quality, is quasi free-standing, and shows signatures of many-body interactions. Using this system as a template, we show that pn-interfaces can be patterned by adsorption and intercalation of rubidium, and that the n-doped graphene regions exhibit a reduced Coulomb screening via enhanced electron–plasmon coupling. These findings are central for understanding and tailoring the properties of graphene-metal contacts e.g. for realizing quantum tunneling devices.