Enhancing Cr(VI) immobilization in hydrated Portland cement by tuning C3A content
Source abstract
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of C3A content on Cr(VI) immobilization in Portland cement. Cements with varying C3A contents were designed and evaluated through thermodynamic modelling, and advanced characterization. Results show that Cr(VI) is mainly incorporated into AFm interlayers, where CrO42− is stabilized in a hydrated, cation-balanced framework with four equal CrO bonds (∼1.67 Å) forming an ideal tetrahedron. Higher C3A contents promotes CrO4-AFm formation, with 6% C3A achieving the highest 7 days immobilization efficiency of 98.74%, compared to 73.56% for the common cement. In aggressive environments, hydration products provide strong acid buffering: AFm immobilizes Cr(VI) at pH > 11, CrO4-AFt partially hosts Cr(VI) between pH 11–10.3, while leaching increases sharply below pH 10.3. Thus, C3A-rich cement maintains effective Cr(VI) immobilization as long as inner pH remains above 11. These results provide a scientific basis for designing advanced cements to immobilize toxic Cr(VI).
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Concrete and Cement Materials Research · Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications · Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
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